Vol 7, No 6 (2010)

This review is dedicated to analysis of immunological alterations in patients with atopic dermatitis, one of the most common allergic dermatosis, and includes data about the role of cytokines and interferon system in pathogenesis of this disease.

Background. The purpose was to investigate a-defensin levels in neutrophiles of pyodermia patients in comparison with healthy donors, to estimate clinical efficiency of glucosaminyl muramyl dipeptide (Licopid) and its influence on a-defensin levels. Materials and method. 31 patients with pyodermia and 17 healthy donors were investigated. Intracellular a-defensin levels in neutrophiles in the peripheral blood were estimated by flow cytometry with mouse anti-NPantibodies (Hy cult biotechnology). All patients with pyodermia were treated with Licopid 10 mg once a day within 10 days. Clinical and laboratory results were measured after 7-0 days course of treatment and one month after treatment. Results. The a-defensin level in patients with pyodermia was reduced in comparison with healthy donors. Immune therapy with licopid 10 mg once a day as a complex treatment lead to a-defensin level increase in leukocytes of peripheral blood. Conclusion. The treatment with licopid 10 mg a day lead to prolonged remission and to increase of endocellular a-defensin level. Definition of a-defensin levels can be useful for advisability and for selection of immune therapy in pyodermia patients. Thus, a decrease of a-defensin levels in pyodermia patients, possibly, is a marker of the chronic bacterial inflammation.

Background. Сhildren allergic diseases primary prevention could be advanced with exploration of positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of information on allergic diseases in a wide range of relatives. Methods. retrospective analytic cross-sectional study. 1974 relatives of 212 children with allergic diseases and 137 controls were questioned. Couples of children equally aged were grouped in «×2»tables for each relativetype. Se was calculated as relative' allergic disease probability in child with allergic disease. Sp was calculated as negative allergic disease relative' probability in negative allergic disease children. PPV was calculated as a probability of allergic diseased children in positive allergic disease relatives; NPV -as a probability of negative allergic diseased children in negative allergic disease relatives. Results. PPV was of high quantity in male relatives -father' father (86%), male cousins (80%), mother' father (77%), mother' brother (73%), father of a child (72%). Mother' PPV was under 65%. Sp of all relatives was of good quantity. The top levels belong to male relatives -father' father (97%), fathermother (94%), father' brother (91%), male cousins (91%), mother' brother (89%). NPV of all relatives was useless for clinical practitioner. Se was low in all relatives. Mother' Se was on top with 67%. So, male relatives'allergic disease importance is confirmed by high PPV and high Sp in grandfathers, uncles, male cousins. Conclusion. high PPV and high Sp of information on allergic disease in male relatives combine prognostic valid and specific risk criterion for allergic diseases in children. A child should be set for a primary prevention of allergic disease in case of allergic disease in grandfathers, or uncles, or male cousins, or child' father.

Background. Establish indications for prescription of amino acid formula to infants with atopic dermatitis. Methods. 55 infants with atopic dermatitis and food allergy were enrolled. Allergic examination included skin prick tests and evaluation of specific IgE level. Oral challenge test was performed if necessary. Results. Low efficacy of elimination diet was observed in 16 infants with multiple food protein intolerance. In the issue cluster analysis defined two subgroups. High IgE levels, specific IgE to egg and fish were considered as criterions of the first subgroup. Patients with multiple food protein intolerance and low efficacy to elimination diet received amino acid formula, SCORAD index decreased more than 50% after the first week of treatment. Conclusion. Multiple food protein intolerance is particular form of food allergy. Prescription of amino acid formula is reasonable in this category of patients.