Vol 9, No 5 (2012)

Chronic urticaria (CU) is characterized by a marked impact on quality of life, a considerable prevalence and an economic burden of direct and indirect healthcare costs. Despite advances in understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease, patients with CU mainly receive empiric treatment and there is no monitoring of the underlying inflammation in CU. The main aspects in the research into the pathophysiology of CU include genetic mechanisms, the role of functional autoantibodies, the characteristics of target cells and effector cells in the inflammation in CU, the regulation of the inflammation and the role of various mediators, acute phase proteins and hormones in the pathophysiology of CU. Research into the pathophysiological pathways of CU may lead to the definition of pathophysiological phenotypes of CU, the development of biomarkers of the underlying inflammation in CU and pathogenesis-based therapy for certain groups of CU patients.

According to various authors up to 25% of athletes suffer from allergies. In this review, we are talking about allergodermatoses. Various immunological mechanisms are underlying of skin reactions in elite athletes. Interesting facts about anaphylaxis, associated with physical activity and consumption of some food as well as about contact and atopic dermatitis are presented.

Background.To establish the relationship between the serum concentrations of IL4, IL5, eotaxin, eotaxin2, ECP and the severity of atopic dermatitis in children. Methods. The study included 40 children with atopic dermatitis, patients were divided into two clusters with KMeans method, index SCORAD was taken as a criterion of clustering. All patients were conducted to determine the concentration of IL4, IL5, eotaxin, eotaxin2, ECP. Results. The SCORAD index was significantly higher in the second cluster in comparison to the first one. In second cluster the level of eotaxin2 was significantly higher, in terms of the ECP, IL4, IL5,eotaxin patient groups did not differ. The second cluster was characterized by patients with a concentration of IL5 of 1,5 p/ml. Conclusion. In assessing the severity of allergic inflammation in atopic dermatitis concentration of eotaxin2 was most informative.

The article is devoted to mechanisms of atopic dermatitis, modern topical treatment and usefulness of topical emollients in children

A randomized placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effectiveness of the air cleaning technology with device IQAir HealthPro Series Model 250 (Switzerland) for comprehensive treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma was carried out. The significant reduction in the number of pollen grains in the air space and the clinical improvement was demonstrated, but no effect on lung function, blood and nasal mucus eosinophilia was revealed.

Introduction. Types of the course of allergic diseases may be related to cytokine profile. Determination of the spectrum of cytokines to evaluate the mechanisms of allergic inflammatory process that improves the efficiency of management of patients with allergic diseases was performed. Background. To establish the features of cytokine profile in children with multiple food protein intolerance. Methods. 39 children with atopic dermatitis and food allergy were included in the openlabel study, 18 of whom had multiple food protein intolerance. All patients were examined with enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) to determine the concentration of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17, IL-22, eotaxin, eotaxin2, TGF-β. Results. In children with multiple food protein intolerance the concentration of TGF-β was increased in comparison with the group of children without multiple food intolerances Me 14,04 [11,3; 18,0] against 10,3 [4,8; 12, 8] pg/ml, respectively, p = 0,038. The level of other cytokines had no difference. Conclusion. Increased concentration of TGF-β in patients with multiple food protein intolerance may be an additional indication for the amino acid formulas.