The trained immunity phenomenon and mechanisms of action of non-specific immunomodifiers



Cite item

Full Text

Open Access Open Access
Restricted Access Access granted
Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Abstract

The discovery of the trained immunity phenomenon, which explains adaptive characteristics of the components of the innate immunity, not only to modernizes our understanding of the fundamentals of anti-infectious defense, but also contributes to further progress in the development and more rational selection and use of immunomodulatory agents. Induction of memory within the innate immune response is the basis of long-lasting immunomodulating effects of some non-specific immunomodifiers, which either contain ligands for innate immunity receptors or modulate the immune response pathway mediated by these receptors. For the first time, the mechanisms of action of pidotimod (a synthetic dipeptide with immunomodulatory properties) have been re-examined in the light of the trained immunity phenomenon.

Full Text

Restricted Access

About the authors

O V Kalyuzhin

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University

Email: kalyuzhin@list.ru

References

  1. Mak T.W., Saunders M.E. The immune response: basic and clinical principles. New York: Elsevier/Academic Press, 2005.
  2. Quintin J., Cheng S.C., Meer J.W. van der, Netea M.G. Innate immune memory: towards a better understanding of host defense mechanisms. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 2014, v. 29C, p. 1-7, doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2014.02.006.
  3. Levy O., Netea M.G. Innate immune memory: implications for development of pediatric immunomodulatory agents and adjuvanted vaccines. Pediatr. Res. 2014, v. 75, p. 184-188, doi: 10.1038/pr.2013.214.
  4. Netea M.G., Quintin J., Meer J.W. van der. Trained immunity: a memory for innate host defense. Cell Host & Microbe, 2011, v. 9 (5), p. 355-361.
  5. Sun J.C., Ugolini S., Vivier E. Immunological memory within the innate immune system. EMBO J. 2014, v. 33 (12), p. 12951303, doi: 10.1002/embj.201387651.
  6. Kleinnijenhuis J., Quintin J., Preijers F. et al. Bacille Calmette-Guérin induces NOD2-dependent nonspecific protection from reinfection via epigenetic reprogramming of monocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2012, v. 109 (43), p. 17537-17542, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1202870109.
  7. Treating infectious diseases in a microbial world: Report of two workshops on novel antimicrobial therapeutics. Washington: National Academies Press, 2006.
  8. Караулов А.В., Калюжин О.В. Иммунотерапия инфекционных болезней: проблемы и перспективы. Тер. архив. 2013, № 11, с. 100-108.
  9. Ferrario B.E., Garuti S., Braido F., Canonica G.W. Pidotimod: the state of art. Clin. Mol. Allergy, 2015, v. 13 (1), art. 8, doi: 10.1186/s12948-015-0012-1.
  10. Калюжин О.В. Безопасность и физиологичность действия пробиотиков как средств иммунокоррекции. Росс. Аллергол. Журн. 2013, № 3, c. 45-56.

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML

Copyright © Pharmarus Print Media, 2015



This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies