Panallergens: properties and clinical significance



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Abstract

Despite the successful development of molecular allergodiagnostics, the search for the significant allergens remains a difficult task. Most patients have reactions when they come into contact with several sources of allergens. One of the reasons for polysensitization may be the cross-reactivity, in which IgE antibodies initially produced against one allergen can bind homologous molecules originating from another allergen source. This means that polysensitization, which is visible at first glance during an allergological examination, may actually be an allergy to only one type of protein (panallergen). Therefore, when multiple cross-reactivity is detected, there is the possibility of conducting allergen-specific immunotherapy with just one allergen or even one allergen component. This review describes various families of plant and animal origin pan-allergens, their properties, functions and possible consequences of sensitization of patients with allergies. The authors discuss modern methods of molecular allergodiagnostics, without which it is impossible to develop individual preventive and therapeutic approaches. The review also provides a summary table of protein families of panallergens. Population-based research and screening of cases of patients with atopy will help to gain new knowledge about panallergens and their contribution to the manifestations of diseases.

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Funding source. This study was not supported by any external sources of funding.
Competing interests. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Author contribution: SP, SKh, LN, GA - collection and analysis of literary sources. SP, SKh, - wrote the manuscript with input from all authors; SP, SKh, VB, OE- editing an article. All authors made a substantial contribution to the conception of the work, acquisition, analysis, interpretation of data for the work, drafting and revising the work, final approval of the version to be published and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Table 1.

Panallergens and their markers in molecular allergy diagnostics

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About the authors

Станислава Петрова

Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera

Email: petrovastanislava@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3034-0148
SPIN-code: 7268-6944

Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Allergen 

Россия, 5a Maly Kazenny Lane, 105064, Moscow, Russia

Svetlana V. Khlgatian

I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera

Email: svetkh@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8354-7682
SPIN-code: 1476-4605

Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Leading Researcher at the Allergen of Laboratory

Россия, 5a, Malyi Kazennyi lane, Moscow, 105064

Valentina M. Berzhets

I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera

Email: laball@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5055-7593
SPIN-code: 9097-0947

Dr. Sci. (Biol.) Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Allergen 

Россия, 5a, Malyi Kazennyi lane, Moscow, 105064

Lyubov N. Nesterenko

I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera

Email: lnnesterenko3001@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3825-3906
SPIN-code: 6819-7980

Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Leading researcher at the laboratory of cloning of viral genomes

Россия, 5a, Malyi Kazennyi lane, Moscow, 105064

Galina I. Alatortseva

Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera

Email: alatortseva@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9887-4061
SPIN-code: 8911-3000

PhD in Biology, Head of the Laboratory for cloning viral genomes

Россия, 5a Maly Kazenny Lane, 105064, Moscow, Russia

Olga Yu. Emelyanova

I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera

Author for correspondence.
Email: laball@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8071-5385
SPIN-code: 1721-6502

Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Allergen

Россия, 5a, Malyi Kazennyi lane, Moscow, 105064

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