Developmental adaptations of neonatal neutrophils (review)

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Abstract

Neutrophils are crucial components of the innate immunity. Differences exist in the physiological, phenotypic, and functional characteristics between neonatal and adult neutrophils. The severity of these changes is inversely proportional to gestational age, which indicates the dynamic development of these cells throughout pregnancy. Therefore, functional insufficiency of neonatal neutrophils is associated with an extremely high risk of developing neonatal infections and sepsis in infants born premature. Neonatal neutrophils are adapted to conditions that prevent unwanted triggering of proinflammatory factors. In addition, suppression of neutrophil functions is necessary to create a healthy microbiome in the postpartum period; however, it can be inhibit the development of a response to pathogenic organisms. Mechanisms underlying the normal transition of functionally limited neutrophils, capable of fully resisting pathogenic microorganisms, have not been established. This review presents features of neutrophil ontogenetic adaptation to intrauterine conditions and early neonatal period and their potential role in neonatal pathology.

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About the authors

Vladimir E. Mukhin

Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks

Author for correspondence.
Email: muhinvldmr@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8973-7890
SPIN-code: 9048-2290
Russian Federation, 10 bld. 1 Pogodinskaya street, 119435, Moscow

Liudmila L. Pankratyeva

Dmitry Rogachev NMRC PHOI of the MOH of Russia

Email: liudmila.pankratyeva@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1339-4155

MD, PhD, Professor of the Department of Pediatrics and Health Organization

Russian Federation, 1 Zamory Machela street, 117198, Moscow

Mikhail N. Yartsev

NRC – Institute of Immunology, FMBA of Russia

Email: m_yartsev@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0952-2801
SPIN-code: 7411-6674

MD, PhD, Leader Researcher of the Department of Immunopathology of Children

Russian Federation, 24 Kashirskoe sh., 115522, Moscow

Nikolay N. Volodin

NMRC PHOI of the MOH of Russia

Email: 0209nnv@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2667-8229
SPIN-code: 1899-7484

Acad. of RAS, MD, PhD, Professor, Professor of the Department of Pediatrics and Health Organization

Russian Federation, 1 Zamory Machela street, 117198, Moscow

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