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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский Аллергологический Журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1810-8830</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-682X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">391</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36691/RJA391</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Atopic asthma: the role of allergen-specific immunotherapy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Атопическая бронхиальная астма: роль аллерген-специфической иммунотерапии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nenasheva</surname><given-names>N M</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ненашева</surname><given-names>Н М</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>1444031@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian medical Academy for Postgraduate Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБОУ ДПО Российская медицинская академия последипломного образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO6 (2015)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№6 (2015)</issue-title><fpage>54</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-03-10"><day>10</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2015, Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2015, Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2017-12-15"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/391">https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/391</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous disease in terms of the phenotypes, but the majority of patients, both children and adolescents, and adults suffer from IgE-dependent (atopic) asthma. This asthma phenotype most often is associated with allergic rhinitis, which defines systemic therapy for both diseases. The allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) meets that approach best of all. SIT is viewed as a treatment not for a specific nosology (rhinitis, asthma or atopic dermatitis), but for an allergen. The epidemiology and the etiology of atopic asthma, role of SIT in treatment of asthma, efficacy, safety, and basic mechanisms are discussed in the article.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Бронхиальная астма является гетерогенным заболеванием с точки зрения фенотипов, однако большинство пациентов, как детей и подростков, так и взрослых, страдают аллергической IgE-обусловленной (атопической) астмой. Этот вариант бронхиальной астмы наиболее часто сочетается с аллергическим ринитом, что определяет подходы к лечению, диктуя необходимость единой системной терапии. Более полно этому принципу отвечает аллерген-специфическая иммунотерапия (АСИТ), метод лечения специфичный не для конкретной нозологии (ринит, астма или атопический дерматит), а для клинических проявлений/ заболеваний, вызванных определенным аллергеном или аллергенами. В статье обсуждаются вопросы эпидемиологии и этиологии атопической астмы, роль АСИТ в лечении астмы, эффективность, безопасность и основные механизмы этого метода лечения при бронхиальной астме. Бронхиальная астма (БА) относится к одному из давно известных (более 3000 лет) и наиболее распространенных заболеваний человека. По оценке ВОЗ, около 300 млн человек в мире в настоящее время страдают БА [1]. Особенно резкий рост заболеваемости астмой наряду с другими аллергическими болезнями произошел во второй половине прошлого века, с начала 60-х годов, что чаще всего объясняют так называемой гигиенической гипотезой. Суть этой гипотезы, предложенной Strachan в 1989 г. [2], заключается в том, что контакт с бактериальными агентами, наблюдающийся в период новорожденности, предупреждает последующее развитие аллергии, так как бактериальные токсины индуцируют ТЫ-иммунный ответ. Ранняя иммунизация, широкое применение антибиотиков, высокий социальный уровень населения развитых стран (так называемый «западный образ жизни») привели к сокращению инфекционных контактов у детей, тем самым создавая условия для девиации в сторону ТЪ2-иммунного ответа, который определяет развитие аллергических реакций.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atopic asthma</kwd><kwd>allergen-specific immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>sublingual immunotherapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атопическая бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>аллерген-специфическая иммунотерапия</kwd><kwd>сублингвальная иммунотерапия</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>GINA,2015 http://www.ginasthma.org.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Strachan D.P. Hay fever, hygiene, and household size. 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