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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский Аллергологический Журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1810-8830</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-682X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17066</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36691/RJA17066</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">GBGFJX</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Features of sensitization to food allergens in children with congenital ichthyosis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности сенсибилизации к пищевым аллергенам у детей с врожденным ихтиозом</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2418-4069</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1767-4054</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mustafaeva</surname><given-names>Dinara I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мустафаева</surname><given-names>Динара Илгар кызы</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mustafaeva-dinara@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2252-8570</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5906-9724</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Murashkin</surname><given-names>Nikolay N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурашкин</surname><given-names>Николай Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>m_nn2001@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4759-3563</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2094-2840</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova</surname><given-names>Svetlana G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова</surname><given-names>Светлана Геннадиевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>sm27@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6648-2063</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2928-5764</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pushkov</surname><given-names>Aleksandr A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пушков</surname><given-names>Александр Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><email>pushkovgenetika@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5263-6743</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9899-1095</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Snovskaya</surname><given-names>Marina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сновская</surname><given-names>Марина Андреевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>snows@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Children's Health</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Central State Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центральная государственная медицинская академия</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-01-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-06" publication-format="electronic"><day>06</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>1</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-23"><day>23</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-01-05"><day>05</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, ABV-press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-04-06"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/17066">https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/17066</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> Congenital ichthyosis is a heterogeneous group of rare genetic skin diseases characterized by generalized keratinization disorders and epidermal barrier dysfunction. Among the various forms of ichthyosis, Netherton syndrome has been described as having the highest risk of developing allergies. However, the characteristics of sensitization and clinical manifestations of allergic diseases in other forms of congenital ichthyosis have not been studied.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> To study the pattern of food sensitization in children with different forms of congenital ichthyosis.</p> <p><bold>METHODS:</bold> A retrospective analysis of the medical records of 43 children with congenital ichthyosis was conducted, in whom the levels of specific immunoglobulin E to food allergens were studied. The children were divided into 2 groups. Group I included 13 children with Netherton syndrome; the group II consisted of 30 children with other forms of ichthyosis. Children in group II were divided into subgroups: IIA (<italic>n</italic> = 17) with the autosomal recessive form of ichthyosis and IIB (<italic>n</italic> = 12) with the keratinopathic form of ichthyosis. One child with vulgar ichthyosis was also included in the study. The comparison group consisted of 40 children, comparable in age, without skin diseases and allergies. In groups I and II, allergological anamnesis and total immunoglobulin E levels were assessed. In all three groups, specific immunoglobulin E levels to 5 allergens were assessed. In children with Netherton syndrome, the level of antibodies to 10 allergens was additionally assessed.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> The frequency of detection of elevated total immunoglobulin E levels in patients with Netherton syndrome in group I was significantly higher than in children in group II. Total immunoglobulin E levels exceeding 1000 IU/mL were also more common in group I. Sensitization to food allergens was detected in all children in group I and in 72.2 % of patients in group II, and was more common in children with the autosomal recessive form of ichthyosis. Sensitization to chicken egg white was detected in all children in group I and in 20.0 % of children in group II. Children with Netherton syndrome were also more often sensitized to cow<bold>’</bold>s milk proteins and other allergens compared to children with non-syndromic forms. In children with Netherton syndrome, specific immunoglobulin E levels were more often distributed from the low to moderately high class.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSIONS:</bold> The data obtained during the study made it possible to estimate the frequency of sensitization to major food allergens in pediatric patients with various forms of congenital ichthyosis — in particular, such a rare disease as Netherton syndrome.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Врожденный ихтиоз — гетерогенная группа редких генетических кожных заболеваний с генерализованным нарушением кератинизации, для которых характерна дисфункция эпидермального барьера. Среди различных форм ихтиоза наиболее высокий риск развития аллергии описан при синдроме Нетертона и вульгарном ихтиозе. Особенности сенсибилизации и клинических проявлений аллергических заболеваний при других формах врожденного ихтиоза не изучены.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> —<italic> </italic>изучить характер пищевой сенсибилизации у детей с различными формами врожденного ихтиоза.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold> Выполнен ретроспективный анализ историй болезней 43 детей с врожденным ихтиозом, которым проводили исследование уровней специфических иммуноглобулинов E к пищевым аллергенам. Дети были разделены на 2 группы: в I группу вошли 13 пациентов с синдромом Нетертона; II группу составили 30 детей с другими формами ихтиоза. Дети II группы были разделены на подгруппы: IIA (<italic>n</italic> = 17) — с аутосомно-рецессивной формой врожденного ихтиоза и IIB (<italic>n</italic> = 12) — с кератинопатической формой. Также в исследование вошел 1 ребенок с вульгарным ихтиозом. Группу сравнения составили 40 детей, сопоставимых по возрасту, не имеющих болезней кожи и аллергических заболеваний. В I и II группах проводили оценку аллергологического анамнеза, уровня общего иммуноглобулина E. Во всех 3 группах оценивали уровни специфических иммуноглобулинов E к 5 аллергенам. У детей с синдромом Нетертона дополнительно проводили оценку уровня антител к 10 аллергенам.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Частота обнаружения повышенного уровня общего иммуноглобулина E у пациентов I группы с синдромом Нетертона значительно превышала таковую у детей II группы. Уровни общего иммуноглобулина E более 1000 МЕ/мл также чаще встречались в I группе. Сенсибилизация к пищевым аллергенам в I группе выявлялась у всех детей; во II группе — у 72,2 % пациентов и встречалась чаще у детей с аутосомно-рецессивной формой ихтиоза. Сенсибилизация к белку куриного яйца выявлялась у всех детей I группы; во II — у 20 %. Дети с синдромом Нетертона также чаще были сенсибилизированы к белкам коровьего молока и другим аллергенам по сравнению детьми с несиндромальными формами. У детей с синдромом Нетертона уровень специфических иммуноглобулинов E чаще распределялся от низкого до умеренно высокого класса.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Полученные данные позволили оценить частоту развития сенсибилизации к основным пищевым аллергенам у пациентов детского возраста с различными формами врожденного ихтиоза, в частности такого редкого заболевания, как синдром Нетертона.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>congenital ichthyosis</kwd><kwd>food allergy</kwd><kwd>sensitization</kwd><kwd>Netherton syndrome</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>врожденный ихтиоз</kwd><kwd>пищевая аллергия</kwd><kwd>сенсибилизация</kwd><kwd>синдром Нетертона</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Murashkin NN, Avetisyan KO, Ivanov RA, Makarova SG. Congenital ichthyosis: clinical and genetic characteristics of the disease. 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