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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский Аллергологический Журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1810-8830</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-682X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17044</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36691/RJA17044</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Atopic march: modern view on the problem and measures for prevention</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Атопический марш: современный взгляд на проблему и возможности профилактики его развития</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5021-9276</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2337-7930</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Litovkina</surname><given-names>Alla O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литовкина</surname><given-names>Алла Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dr.litovkina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1302-4178</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4874-8100</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smolnikov</surname><given-names>Evgeniy V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смольников</surname><given-names>Евгений Валентинович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>qweril2010@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4609-2591</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9567-1894</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Elisyutina</surname><given-names>Olga G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елисютина</surname><given-names>Ольга Гурьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>el-olga@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5140-1554</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3046-8033</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khodzhava</surname><given-names>Maria V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ходжава</surname><given-names>Мария Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Cand. Sci. (Pharmacy)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. фарм. наук</p></bio><email>mchernobaeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3358-5087</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5012-7242</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedenko</surname><given-names>Elena S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Феденко</surname><given-names>Елена Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>efedks@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Research Center – Institute of Immunology Federal Medico-Biological Agency</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный научный центр «Институт иммунологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумубы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-08-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>304</fpage><lpage>313</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-07-28"><day>28</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-08-25"><day>25</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, ABV-press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ИД "АБВ-пресс"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ИД "АБВ-пресс"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-10-10"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/17044">https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/17044</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases, affecting 10–21 % of the population and accounting for up to 50–60 % of allergic disorders. The classical concept of the atopic march suggests a sequential progression from atopic dermatitis in infancy to bronchial asthma in early childhood and allergic rhinitis in school-age children. However, recent data demonstrate that only 3.1 % of patients follow this strict sequence, while the majority exhibit a heterogeneous combination of atopic diseases, including food allergy and eosinophilic esophagitis.</p> <p>The key mechanisms underlying the atopic march include epidermal barrier dysfunction (filaggrin mutations), transcutaneous allergen sensitization, systemic T2 inflammation, and genetic predisposition. Other contributing factors include microbiome disturbances, lifestyle factors, and environmental triggers.</p> <p>Preventive strategies involve the use of emollients from birth, early introduction of allergenic foods (e.g., peanuts) to induce tolerance, microbiome modulation, and targeted therapies (e.g., dupilumab) aimed at suppressing interleukin 4/13-mediated inflammation. However, no universal approach exists, highlighting the need for personalized strategies tailored to individual immunological and genetic profiles.</p> <p>Thus, the modern understanding of the atopic march has evolved from a linear model to a concept of multimorbidity, requiring a comprehensive approach to diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. Further research should focus on developing predictive biomarkers and individualized therapeutic algorithms.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Атопический дерматит — одно из наиболее распространенных воспалительных заболеваний кожи, поражает 10–21 % населения и составляет до 50–60 % в структуре аллергических заболеваний. Классическая концепция атопического марша предполагает последовательное развитие атопического дерматита в младенчестве, бронхиальной астмы и аллергического ринита в раннем детском и школьном возрасте. Однако современные данные демонстрируют, что лишь у 3,1 % пациентов наблюдается такая строгая последовательность, в то время как у большинства отмечается гетерогенное сочетание атопических заболеваний, включая пищевую аллергию и эозинофильный эзофагит.</p> <p>Ключевыми механизмами, лежащими в основе атопического марша, являются генетическая предрасположенность, нарушение эпидермального барьера (мутации филаггрина), чрескожная сенсибилизация к аллергенам и развитие системного T2-воспаления. Важную роль также играют другие факторы, такие как нарушение микробиома, образ жизни и неспецифические триггеры.</p> <p>Стратегии профилактики включают применение эмолентов с рождения, раннее введение аллергенных продуктов (например, арахиса) для индукции толерантности, коррекцию микробиома и использование таргетной терапии, направленной на подавление Т2-воспаления. Однако универсального подхода не существует, что подчеркивает необходимость персонализированных стратегий с учетом индивидуальных иммунологических и генетических особенностей пациентов.</p> <p>Таким образом, современное понимание атопического марша эволюционировало от линейной модели к концепции мультиморбидности, требующей комплексного подхода к диагностике, профилактике и лечению. Дальнейшие исследования должны быть направлены на определение предиктивных биомаркеров и разработку индивидуализированных терапевтических алгоритмов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atopic dermatitis</kwd><kwd>atopic march</kwd><kwd>epidermal barrier</kwd><kwd>emollient</kwd><kwd>T2-inflammation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атопический дерматит</kwd><kwd>атопический марш</kwd><kwd>эпидермальный барьер</kwd><kwd>эмолент</kwd><kwd>T2-воспаление</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This publication was prepared with the support of La Roche-Posay. Employees of La Roche-Posay were given the opportunity to review the manuscript prior to publication and provide comments regarding the company’s products. However, all final decisions on the content of the article were made solely by the authors.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Публикация подготовлена при поддержке компании La Roche-Posay. Сотрудники компании La Roche-Posay имели возможность ознакомиться с текстом статьи до публикации и оставить комментарии касательно продукции компании. Все решения по финальному тексту принимали авторы статьи.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Elisyutina OG, Boldyreva MN, Rebrova OYu, Fedenko ES. AD endotypes evaluation with molecular-genetic analysis of local immune response. Russian Journal of Allergy. 2018;15(6):33–44. 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