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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский Аллергологический Журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1810-8830</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-682X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17032</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36691/RJA17032</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">BDKLIO</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Serum tryptase as a biomarker of anaphylaxis in children in real clinical practice</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сывороточная триптаза как биомаркер анафилаксии у детей в реальной клинической практике</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0898-7905</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2010-5257</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Medvedeva</surname><given-names>Aleksandra D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Медведева</surname><given-names>Александра Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>medvedeva.a@pedklin.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4514-8469</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4363-1578</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zimin</surname><given-names>Sergey B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зимин</surname><given-names>Сергей Борисович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>23otd@morozdgkb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8792-2670</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6924-9726</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Esakova</surname><given-names>Natalya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Есакова</surname><given-names>Наталья Владиславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>env007@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1508-314X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6219-0640</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Кovtun</surname><given-names>Ekaterina I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковтун</surname><given-names>Екатерина Игоревна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>EKovtun@morozdgkb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9121-5501</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8471-3220</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Busova</surname><given-names>Elena S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бусова</surname><given-names>Елена Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>ESBusova@morozdgkb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7375-7526</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9844-6674</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bzhekshieva</surname><given-names>Zareta S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бжекшиева</surname><given-names>Зарета Сурандиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>ZBzhekshieva@morozdgkb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8166-2449</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2821-7781</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaykova</surname><given-names>Natalya M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайкова</surname><given-names>Наталья Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>zaikova@pedklin.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8272-3648</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8944-9664</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorev</surname><given-names>Valeriy V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горев</surname><given-names>Валерий Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>mdgkb@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5039-8473</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9722-7961</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pampura</surname><given-names>Alexander N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пампура</surname><given-names>Александр Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>apampura1@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-10-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>350</fpage><lpage>359</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-07-04"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-09-29"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, ABV-press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ИД "АБВ-пресс"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ИД "АБВ-пресс"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-12-25"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/user</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/17032">https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/17032</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening systemic allergic reaction. Currently, the only biomarker of anaphylaxis recommended for use in Russian and international consensus documents is tryptase, with very limited data on the efficacy of its use in real clinical practice in children.</p> <p><bold>AIM: </bold>To determine the frequency of measurement and diagnostic significance of tryptase level estimation in children with anaphylaxis within the recommended time frame in real clinical practice, as well as its relationship with the age of patients and the severity of symptoms.</p> <p><bold>METHODS: </bold>The study included 128 patients aged 0 to 18 years who were hospitalized urgently in the State Budgetary Institution Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital due to an episode of anaphylaxis in the period from May 2022 to April 2025 and were included in the Pediatric Moscow Anaphylaxis Register. The diagnosis of anaphylaxis was verified by an expert allergist-immunologist based on clinical criteria for anaphylaxis. Serum tryptase levels were measured in patients admitted to the hospital within 3 hours of the onset of symptoms of acute allergic reaction. The patients’ clinical and laboratory parameters were entered into an online registry questionnaire and processed using a computer program, which is a system for data recording and analysis.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> Of the 128 children, 52 (40.6 %) had their tryptase levels measured within 3 hours of symptom onset. Among these, 15 (28.8 %) showed elevated tryptase levels. For the 76 children who were not assessed (due to delayed hospitalization), a higher frequency of mild anaphylaxis was observed compared to those assessed for tryptase levels (31.6 % <italic>vs</italic> 15.4 %; <italic>p</italic> = 0.037). No correlation was found between age and tryptase levels, though there was a trend toward older patients (median 12 years <italic>vs</italic> 10 years; <italic>p</italic> = 0.052) being within the timeframe for tryptase measurement. Severity of reaction did not affect tryptase concentrations.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> In clinical practice, tryptase levels can be measured within 3 hours of symptom onset in less than half of patients, with only one third showing elevated levels. Delayed hospital arrival in patients with mild anaphylaxis is likely to delay diagnosis and treatment.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Анафилаксия — тяжелая, жизнеугрожающая системная аллергическая реакция. Единственным биомаркером анафилаксии, рекомендованным к использованию в российских и международных согласительных документах, является триптаза, при этом данные об эффективности ее применения в реальной клинической практике у детей крайне ограничены.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> —<italic> </italic>определить частоту измерения и диагностическую значимость оценки уровня триптазы у детей с анафилаксией в рекомендованные сроки в реальной клинической практике, а также ее связь с возрастом пациентов и степенью тяжести симптомов.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold> В исследование вошли 128 пациентов в возрасте 0–18 лет, экстренно госпитализированные в Морозовскую детскую городскую клиническую больницу в связи с эпизодом анафилаксии в период с мая 2022 г. по апрель 2025 г. и включенные в Педиатрический Московский регистр анафилаксии. Диагноз анафилаксии верифицирован экспертом аллергологом-иммунологом на основании клинических критериев. Измерение уровня сывороточной триптазы проводили пациентам, поступавшим в стационар в пределах 3 ч после начала симптомов острой аллергической реакции. Клинико-лабораторные показатели пациентов внесены в онлайн-анкету регистра и обработаны с помощью программы для ЭВМ, представляющей собой систему учета и анализа данных.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Среди 128 детей с анафилаксией уровень триптазы в пределах 3 ч с момента появления первых симптомов удалось оценить у 52 (40,6 %). У 15 (28,8 %) из них фиксировалось увеличение концентрации триптазы выше референсных значений. Пациенты (<italic>n</italic> = 76), которым не определяли уровень триптазы в связи с длительным временным периодом с момента появления первых симптомов анафилаксии до госпитализации, характеризовались более высокой частотой легкой анафилаксии по сравнению с детьми, которым была проведена оценка уровня триптазы (31,6 % <italic>vs</italic> 15,4 %; <italic>p</italic> = 0,037). Не обнаружено корреляции возраста с уровнем триптазы, однако отмечена тенденция к увеличению медианы возраста пациентов, которые входили во временнÓй диапазон для определения уровня триптазы, относительно детей, поступавших в стационар отсроченно (12 [6,25; 16] лет <italic>vs</italic> 10 [4; 14] лет; <italic>р</italic> = 0,052). В нашем исследовании степень тяжести реакции не влияла на концентрацию триптазы.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>В реальной клинической практике оценка уровня триптазы в пределах 3 ч с момента развития первых симптомов анафилаксии возможна менее чем у половины пациентов, среди которых лишь треть демонстрирует ее повышение. Высокая частота легкой анафилаксии у пациентов, поступающих в стационар отсроченно, с большой вероятностью определяет задержку постановки диагноза и госпитализации.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tryptase</kwd><kwd>anaphylaxis</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>biomarker</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>триптаза</kwd><kwd>анафилаксия</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>биомаркер</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by a grant from the Moscow Government for the implementation of a scientific and practical project in medicine № 0408-1.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено при поддержке гранта Правительства Москвы на реализацию научно-практического проекта в медицине № 0408-1.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Российская ассоциация аллергологов и клинических иммунологов, Федерация анестезиологов и реаниматологов. 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