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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский Аллергологический Журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1810-8830</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-682X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17002</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36691/RJA17002</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">ASIA syndrome masked as recurrent angioedema: сan development be predicted by genetic screening (pilot study)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ASIA-синдром под маской рецидивирующих ангиоотеков: можно ли предсказать развитие с помощью генетического обследования (пилотное исследование)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5083-6637</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57201133822</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3023-4538</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fomina</surname><given-names>Darya S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фомина</surname><given-names>Дарья Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>daria_fomina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9545-4720</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1857-8154</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedkina</surname><given-names>Marina S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедкина</surname><given-names>Марина Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>marina.ivanova0808@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0865-8355</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3507-9106</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitina</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитина</surname><given-names>Екатерина Андреевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>katrin88866@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1212-3767</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3078-0976</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalkova</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалькова</surname><given-names>Елена Вячеславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ev-kovalkova@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7053-3900</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2891-1650</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Andrenova</surname><given-names>Gerelma V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андренова</surname><given-names>Гэрэлма Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>Andrenovagv@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4949-9178</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2884-5000</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Кruglova</surname><given-names>Tatyana S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Круглова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>surckova.t@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6534-5902</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57201135486</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5806-7260</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobrikova</surname><given-names>Elena N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобрикова</surname><given-names>Елена Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>elena.bobrikova.69@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6646-4233</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6424-0012</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Markina</surname><given-names>Ulyana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркина</surname><given-names>Ульяна Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>itcher.md@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9001-1499</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1727-2158</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdullaev</surname><given-names>Sherzod P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдуллаев</surname><given-names>Шерзод Пардабоевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><email>abdullaevsp@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-1363</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6467-4120</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Evsegneeva</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евсегнеева</surname><given-names>Ирина Валентиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>Ivevsegneeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1930-5424</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4122-5565</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karaulov</surname><given-names>Alexander V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Караулов</surname><given-names>Александр Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>drkaraulov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6010-7975</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3887-6250</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lysenko</surname><given-names>Maryana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лысенко</surname><given-names>Марьяна Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>gkb52@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow City Hospital 52</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Городская клиническая больница № 52, Москва</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Astana Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медицинский университет Астана</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">LIFT Center LLC</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">«ЛИФТ Центр»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow City Hospital 52</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Городская клиническая больница № 52</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-04-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>135</fpage><lpage>152</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-07"><day>07</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-04-25"><day>25</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, ABV-press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ИД "АБВ-пресс"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ИД "АБВ-пресс"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-06-03"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/17002">https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/17002</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND</bold><italic>: </italic>ASIA is an autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants. Symptoms can be diverse, and the recurrent angioedema is one of the dominant manifestations. Genetic screening is discussed as a preventive option. The following alleles of genes: <italic>HLA</italic> type II (<italic>DRB1*0301</italic> or in combination with <italic>HLA-B*08</italic>, <italic>DRB1*01</italic>, and <italic>DRB4</italic>), as well as Arg620Trp polymorphism in the <italic>PTPN22</italic> gene are discussed as a cause of autoimmune diseases, including ASIA syndrome.</p> <p><bold>AIM</bold><italic>: </italic>To identify the presence of causative genetic factors in patients with ASIA syndrome by genetic screening, to identify adjuvants acting as a trigger, and to evaluate the efficacy of current therapy.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS</bold><italic>: </italic>A single center observational study of 16 patients with ASIA syndrome and 10 controls was performed. Genetic screening was performed in 14 patients from the ASIA group and 10 patients from the control group. Further inclusion of patients in the study is planned.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS</bold><italic>: </italic>All patients with ASIA were women, potential triggers included hyaluronic acid fillers 10/16 (62.5 %), including in combination with breast silicone implants 1/16 (6.25 %), arthroplasty with shoulder joint replacement 1/16 (6.25 %), face hyaluronic acid injections 5/16 (31.25 %), and calcium hydroxyapatite 1/16 (6.25 %).</p> <p>The main site of angioedema was the face 15/16 (93.75 %), also larynx (1/16 (6.25 %)), upper (2/16) and lower extremities (1/16 (6,25 %)). Other symptoms included arthralgia, myalgia, muscle weakness — 1/16 (6.25%), hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis, lymphocytic colitis — 1/16 (6.25 %), arthralgia combined with lymphadenopathy — 1/16 (6.25 %), chronic spontaneous and solar urticaria — 1/16 (6.25 %), fixed erythema of the shoulder skin with fever, antiphospholipid syndrome — 1/16 (6.25 %), normocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis — 1/16 (6.25 %), Still’s disease — 1/16 (6.25 %).</p> <p>Autoimmune response was represented by autoantibodies in 10 (62.5 %) of 16 patients. Ten (62.5 %) patients received non-sedative antihistamines at standard and escalated doses (5 as monotherapy, 1 in combination with filler removal, 1 with hydroxychloroquine, 3 with hydroxychloroquine and omalizumab), 1 (6.25 %) received tranexamic acid, 1 (6.25 %) with danazol, 1 (6.25 %) with hydroxychloroquine, and 3 (18.75 %) patients received no therapy. A combination of two genetic factors was detected in 3 (21.4 %) patients: <italic>DRB1*0301</italic>, <italic>B1*08</italic> (in 2 patients additionally Arg620Trp polymorphism). Isolated Arg620Trp polymorphism was detected in 6 (42.8 %) patients.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION</bold>: Genetic factors increasing the risk of autoimmune conditions were found in 9 out of 16 patients. No genetic abnormalities were found in the control group. More than half of the patients with ASIA syndrome had genetic factors associated with autoimmunity. Further studies are needed to create reliable diagnostic and treatment algorithms.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование</bold>. ASIA — аутоиммунный/воспалительный синдром, индуцированный адъювантами. Симптомы могут быть многоликими, и рецидивирующий ангиоотек является одним из доминирующих. Генетический скрининг обсуждается в качестве превентивного варианта. В качестве причин, ответственных за развитие аутоиммунных заболеваний, в том числе синдрома ASIA, рассматриваются следующие аллели генов: <italic>HLA</italic> II типа (<italic>DRB1*0301</italic> или в сочетании с <italic>HLA-B*08</italic>, <italic>DRB1*01</italic> и <italic>DRB4</italic>), а также полиморфизм Arg620Trp в <italic>PTPN22</italic>.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> — выявить с помощью генетического обследования наличие у пациентов с ASIA-синдромом причинно-значимых генетических факторов, определить адъюванты, выступающие в качестве триггера, а также оценить эффективность проводимой терапии.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. Проведено одноцентровое исследование с включением 16 пациенток с критериями синдрома ASIA и 10 контрольных. Генетическое обследование проведено 14 пациенткам группы ASIA и 10 пациенткам контрольной группы. Планируется дальнейшее включение пациентов в исследование.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Все пациенты с ASIA — женщины, потенциальные триггеры включали филлеры с гиалуроновой кислотой у 10 (62,5 %) из 16 пациенток, в том числе в сочетании с грудными силиконовыми имплантами — у 1 (6,25 %), артропластикой с заменой плечевого сустава — у 1 (6,25%), инъекции гиалуроновой кислоты в кожу лица — у 5 (31,25 %) и кальция гидроксиапатита — у 1 (6,25 %).</p> <p>Основной локализацией ангиоотеков было лицо — у 15 (93,75 %) из 16 пациенток; другие локализации включали гортань (1 (6,25 %) пациентка), верхние (2 (12,5 %) пациентки) и нижние (1 (6,25 %) пациентка) конечности. Также фиксировались артралгия, миалгия, мышечная слабость — у 1 (6,25%) пациентки, гипокомплементарный уртикарный васкулит, лимфоцитарный колит — у 1 (6,25 %), артралгия в сочетании с лимфаденопатией — у 1 (6,25 %), хроническая спонтанная и солнечная крапивницы — у 1 (6,25 %), фиксированная эритема кожи плеча с лихорадкой, антифосфолипидный синдром — у 1 (6,25 %), нормокомплементемический уртикарный васкулит — у 1 (6,25 %), болезнь Стилла — у 1 (6,25 %).</p> <p>Аутоиммунный ответ представлен антителами к миелопероксидазе, катепсину, C1q, цитруллинированному белку/пептиду, антинуклеарному фактору и выявлен у 10 (62,5 %) из 16 пациенток. Десять (62,5 %) пациенток получали неседативные антигистаминные лекарственные средства в стандартной и эскалированной дозах (изолированно — 5, в сочетании с удалением филлера — 1, с гидроксихлорохином — 1, с гидроксихлорохином и омализумабом — 3), 1 (6,25 %) пациентка получала транексамовую кислоту, 1 (6,25 %) — даназол, 1 (6,25 %) — гидроксихлорохин, 3 (18,75 %) пациентки не получали медикаментозную терапию. У 3 пациенток обнаружена комбинация 2 генетических факторов — <italic>DRB1*0301</italic> и <italic>B1*08</italic> (у 2 пациенток — дополнительно полиморфизм Arg620Trp). Изолированный полиморфизм Arg620Trp обнаружен у 6 (42,8 %) пациенток.</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Генетические факторы, повышающие риск развития аутоиммунных состояний, обнаружены у 9 из 16 пациенток. В контрольной группе генетических находок не выявлено. Более половины пациенток с синдромом ASIA имеют генетические факторы, связанные с аутоиммунитетом. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования для создания надежного диагностического и лечебного алгоритма.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>angioedema</kwd><kwd>ASIA syndrome</kwd><kwd>genetic screening</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ангиоотек</kwd><kwd>ASIA-синдром</kwd><kwd>генетическое обследование</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Cicardi M, Aberer W, Banerji A, et al. Classification, diagnosis, and approach to treatment for angioedema: consensus report from the Hereditary Angioedema International Working Group. Allergy. 2014;69(5):602–616. doi: 10.1111/all.12380</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Wu MA, Perego F, Zanichelli A, Cicardi M. Angioedema phenotypes: disease expression and classification. 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