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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский Аллергологический Журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1810-8830</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-682X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">16962</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36691/RJA16962</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Ragweed pollen allergens: description and prospects for the development of new highly effective allergy vaccines</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Аллергены пыльцы амброзии: описание и перспективы разработки новых высокоэффективных аллерговакцин</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4675-8074</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6768-5796</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shatilov</surname><given-names>Artem A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шатилов</surname><given-names>Артём Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>aa.shatilov@nrcii.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3780-2878</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1988-1536</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shatilova</surname><given-names>Anastasiia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шатилова</surname><given-names>Анастасия Витальевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>av.timofeeva@nrcii.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2395-6468</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Asanbaeva</surname><given-names>Aizirek A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асанбаева</surname><given-names>Айзирек Анарбековна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>asanbaeva-a42@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5935-1647</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4621-0268</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Babikhina</surname><given-names>Marina O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабихина</surname><given-names>Марина Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>marinababihina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5343-4230</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6008-7323</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilovskiy</surname><given-names>Igor P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шиловский</surname><given-names>Игорь Петрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук</p></bio><email>ip.shilovsky@nrcii.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8297-579X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2542-5260</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreev</surname><given-names>Sergei M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреев</surname><given-names>Сергей Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Chemistry)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. хим. наук</p></bio><email>andsergej@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8232-6682</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4171-3871</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>Valerii V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>Валерий Валерьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Pharmacy), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р фарм. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>vall@mail.mipt.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0380-6205</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4788-7407</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarova</surname><given-names>Evgeniya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назарова</surname><given-names>Евгения Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>ev.nazarova@nrcii.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8916-3322</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6283-5320</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pasikhov</surname><given-names>George B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пасихов</surname><given-names>Георгий Борисович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>george.pasikhov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3671-780X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3754-0550</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>Maiia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>Майя Владиславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mayhemly@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7718-0767</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Strueva</surname><given-names>Polina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Струева</surname><given-names>Полина Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>polly.strueva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4609-2591</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9567-1894</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Elisyutina</surname><given-names>Olga G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елисютина</surname><given-names>Ольга Гурьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>el-olga@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7247-0621</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8287-2891</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ukhanova</surname><given-names>Olga P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уханова</surname><given-names>Ольга Петровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>uhanova_1976@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1878-4467</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4129-7880</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudlay</surname><given-names>Dmitry A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудлай</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, член-корр. РАН</p></bio><email>D624254@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4961-9640</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3199-9803</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khaitov</surname><given-names>Musa R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хаитов</surname><given-names>Муса Рахимович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, чл.-корр. РАН</p></bio><email>mr.khaitov@nrcii.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Research Center – Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный научный центр «Институт иммунологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Stavropol State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-12-17" publication-format="electronic"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>492</fpage><lpage>501</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-08-20"><day>20</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-11-05"><day>05</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-01-28"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/16962">https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/16962</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Ragweed pollen allergy is widespread in the South of Russia, the Far East and other regions, where 25 to 40 % of all weeds-allergic patients may be sensitized specifically to ragweed, representing an important public health problem. Drugs of various pharmacological groups used for the treatment of ragweed pollen allergy affect only the symptoms but not the cause of allergy. Existing pathogenetic therapy (allergen-specific immunotherapy with allergy vaccines based on water-salt extracts) requires long courses and can cause significant side effects. The development of more effective allergy vaccines requires the study of the structures of ragweed pollen allergens and the identification of their IgE epitopes. Based on these epitopes, new highly effective allergy vaccines can be developed using recombinant technologies that will lack the disadvantages of water-salt extracts and will possess the ability to enhance the induction of protective IgG.</p> <p>This review is focused on the epidemiology of ragweed pollen allergy, as well as the latest approaches to the analysis of its allergens’ structures and development of allergy vaccines. Presented information is relevant for the development of new promising highly effective allergy vaccines for allergen-specific immunotherapy of ragweed pollen allergy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Аллергия на пыльцу амброзии распространена на юге России, Дальнем Востоке и в других регионах, где сенсибилизированы могут быть от 25 до 40 ٪ больных из общего числа пациентов с аллергией на сорные травы. Это важная проблема отечественного здравоохранения. Препараты различных фармакологических групп, которые применяются для лечения аллергии на пыльцу амброзии, влияют лишь на симптомы, но не на причину аллергии. Существующая патогенетическая терапия (аллерген-специфическая иммунотерапия аллерговакцинами на основе водно-солевых экстрактов) требует продолжительных курсов и может вызывать значительные побочные эффекты. Для разработки более эффективных аллерговакцин требуются изучение структур аллергенов пыльцы амброзии и идентификация их IgE-эпитопов. На основе данных об этих эпитопах впоследствии с использованием рекомбинантных технологий возможна разработка новых высокоэффективных аллерговакцин, которые будут лишены недостатков водно-солевых экстрактов и будут обладать способностью к усиленной индукции протективных IgG.</p> <p>Настоящий обзор посвящен эпидемиологии аллергии на пыльцу амброзии, а также новейшим подходам к изучению строения ее аллергенов и разработке аллерговакцин, а представленная информация поможет в разработке новых перспективных, высокоэффективных аллерговакцин для аллерген-специфической иммунотерапии данной аллергии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>allergy</kwd><kwd>ragweed pollen</kwd><kwd>vaccines</kwd><kwd>allergen-specific immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>allergoids</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аллергия</kwd><kwd>пыльца амброзии</kwd><kwd>вакцины</kwd><kwd>аллерген-специфическая иммунотерапия</kwd><kwd>аллергоиды</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 24-15-00206 (https://www.rscf.ru/project/24-15-00206/).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа осуществлена при поддержке гранта Российского научного фонда № 24-15-00206 (https://www.rscf.ru/project/24-15-00206/).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dierick BJH, van der Molen T, Flokstra-de Blok BMJ, et al. 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