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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский Аллергологический Журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1810-8830</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-682X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">16945</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36691/RJA16945</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">First aid for anaphylaxis: practical and organizational aspects</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Первая помощь при анафилаксии: практические и организационные аспекты</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2789-9760</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2170-5204</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Birkun</surname><given-names>Alexei A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Биркун</surname><given-names>Алексей Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, доцент</p></bio><email>birkunalexei@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2932-1724</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5570-6513</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dezhurny</surname><given-names>Leonid I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дежурный</surname><given-names>Леонид Игоревич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>dl6581111@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Крымский федеральный университет имени В.И. Вернадского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Crimean Republican Center of Disaster Medicine and Emergency Medical Services</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Крымский республиканский центр медицины катастроф и скорой медицинской помощи</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Research Institute of Health</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центральный научно-исследовательский институт организации и информатизации здравоохранения</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-09-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-10-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>358</fpage><lpage>367</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-04-26"><day>26</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-08-23"><day>23</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-10-24"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/16945">https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/16945</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Considering the rapid, often unpredictable and unfavorable course of anaphylaxis, early recognition of the signs of this emergency and immediate provision of first aid by the victims themselves or by the witnesses before the arrival of emergency medical services are of exceptional and sometimes of vital importance. Trends towards an increase in the incidence of anaphylaxis and the actual increase in the number of hospitalizations due to complications of severe allergic reactions indicate the high relevance of the problem and the need to establish a reliable organizational basis to ensure the widespread practice of providing first aid for anaphylaxis in the Russian Federation.</p> <p>This research aimed to review current international and national guidelines on the provision of first aid for anaphylaxis and to identify possible areas for improving the organization of first aid for anaphylaxis in Russia. According to the authors’ opinion, the application of evidence-based provisions presented in the current first aid guidelines to real-life first aid practice can significantly improve outcomes in anaphylaxis, but at the same time requires some basic organizational changes. The priority directions in organizing the provision of first aid for anaphylaxis in the Russian Federation are the development and approval by the Ministry of Health of Russia of a uniform procedure for the provision of first aid for anaphylaxis, including a list of measures for the provision of first aid and the sequence of their application; creating conditions for standardized training of the population in the principles and methods of providing first aid; and ensuring the general availability of epinephrine in the form of autoinjectors as a first-line treatment to prevent life-threatening complications of anaphylaxis.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Учитывая стремительное, зачастую непредсказуемое и неблагоприятное течение анафилаксии, раннее распознавание признаков этого неотложного состояния и немедленное оказание первой помощи до прибытия скорой медицинской помощи имеют исключительное, подчас жизненно важное значение. Тенденции к росту частоты встречаемости анафилаксии и увеличению числа госпитализаций в связи с осложнениями тяжёлых аллергических реакций свидетельствуют о высокой актуальности проблемы и потребности в установлении надёжной организационной основы для обеспечения широкой практики оказания первой помощи при анафилаксии в Российской Федерации.</p> <p>Цель представленной работы состояла в обзоре современных международных и национальных рекомендаций по оказанию первой помощи при анафилаксии и определении возможных направлений усовершенствования организации оказания первой помощи при анафилаксии в России. По мнению авторов, применение научно-обоснованных положений, представленных в действующих рекомендациях по оказанию первой помощи, в реальной практике может способствовать существенному улучшению исходов при анафилаксии, но вместе с тем требует некоторых базисных организационных преобразований. Приоритетными направлениями в организации оказания первой помощи при анафилаксии в Российской Федерации представляются разработка и утверждение Минздравом России единого порядка оказания первой помощи при анафилаксии, включающего перечень мероприятий по оказанию первой помощи и последовательность их выполнения; создание условий для стандартизированного обучения населения принципам и методам оказания первой помощи, а также обеспечение общей доступности к средству первой линии для предупреждения угрожающих жизни осложнений анафилаксии ― эпинефрину в форме автоматических инъекторов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anaphylaxis</kwd><kwd>anaphylactic shock</kwd><kwd>anti-allergic agents</kwd><kwd>emergencies</kwd><kwd>epinephrine</kwd><kwd>first aid</kwd><kwd>hypersensitivity</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>анафилаксия</kwd><kwd>анафилактический шок</kwd><kwd>антиаллергические препараты</kwd><kwd>неотложные состояния</kwd><kwd>эпинефрин</kwd><kwd>первая помощь</kwd><kwd>гиперчувствительность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cardona V, Ansotegui IJ, Ebisawa M, et al. 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