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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский Аллергологический Журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1810-8830</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-682X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">16923</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36691/RJA16923</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The role of selenium in the functioning of immune system components and the incidence of allergies: a content analysis of recent literature</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль селена в работе компонентов иммунной системы и возникновении аллергии: контент-анализ современной литературы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9212-6598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shikina</surname><given-names>Mariia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шикина</surname><given-names>Мария Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>my.htc.10.2336@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7315-7784</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chapova</surname><given-names>Nadezhda E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чапова</surname><given-names>Надежда Евгеньевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>Chapova_n_e@student.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2560-4879</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>Daria D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>Дарья Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kuznetsova_d_d@student.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8734-5527</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4538-9397</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhernov</surname><given-names>Yury V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жернов</surname><given-names>Юрий Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>Zhernov@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4815-8830</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5590-3335</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>Anastasia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Анастасия Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>zakharova_a_v_3@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1325-7342</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozhevnikova</surname><given-names>Maria M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кожевникова</surname><given-names>Мария Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>m.kozhevnikova2708@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6818-2516</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pronina</surname><given-names>Polina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пронина</surname><given-names>Полина Вячеславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>polinapronina983@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7195-3006</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Moiseev</surname><given-names>Kirill V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моисеев</surname><given-names>Кирилл Витальевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mouse.kiril@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5670-473X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Samigullin</surname><given-names>Timurbulat R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самигуллин</surname><given-names>Тимурбулат Рашитович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>timursamwork@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene named after A.N. Sysina, Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal medical and biological agency</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт экологии человека и гигиены окружающей среды им. А.Н. Сысина ФГБУ «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» ФМБА России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-05-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-06-16" publication-format="electronic"><day>16</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>283</fpage><lpage>294</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-02-05"><day>05</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-04-08"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-06-16"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/16923">https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/16923</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Selenium is an essential trace element. Adequate intake of selenium is necessary for optimal functioning of cellular and humoral processes in the body. Lack of selenium in the diet can lead to aggravation of infectious and allergic diseases and also increase the risk of tumor formation.</p> <p>This review article provides data on the metabolic pathways of selenium and its role in the immune system, as well as the occurrence of allergies and antitumor and antioxidant protection. In detail, the role of selenium is discussed in relation to the implementation of body antiviral defenses. Under conditions of selenium deficiency, numerous viral infections are linked to an unfavorable prognosis, and this article specifically considers the problem of myocarditis occurring during viral infections, summarizing data on the pathogenesis of the condition and possible connections with selenium deficiency.</p> <p>The results of content analysis demonstrate that selenium, participating in the synthesis of selenium-containing enzymes and selenoproteins, ensures the functioning and activity of innate and acquired immunity, antitumour and antioxidant defence, which indirectly affects the course of allergic diseases. Selenium deficiency increases the incidence of allergies, tumours and infections, especially viral infections.</p> <p>In case of viral infections, not only the course of immune reactions depends on sufficient amount of selenium in the organism, but also the possibility of increasing the virulence of the pathogen in case of selenium deficiency. In the case of a severe course of the disease, the main symptoms of infection may be joined by other, more serious manifestations, such as myocarditis. The antioxidant, immunostimulant and antiviral properties of selenium ensure its modifying role in the development of diseases and the percentage of fatalities. Rational consumption of selenium may be of great importance in the prevention, course and determination of outcomes of many diseases, including allergopathology.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Селен является эссенциальным микроэлементом. Достаточное потребление селена необходимо для оптимального функционирования клеточных и гуморальных процессов в организме. Недостаток селена в питании не только утяжеляет течение аллергических и инфекционных заболеваний, но и повышает риск возникновения опухолевых заболеваний.</p> <p>Авторы исследования раскрывают данные о путях обмена селена, его роли в функционировании иммунной системы и возникновении аллергии, противоопухолевой и антиоксидантной защиты. Детально освещена роль селена в реализации противовирусной защиты организма. В условиях селенодефицита многие вирусные инфекции имеют неблагоприятный прогноз. В частности, рассматривается проблема возникновения миокардита при вирусных инфекциях, обобщены данные о патогенезе этого состояния и возможной связи с дефицитом селена.</p> <p>Результаты контент-анализа демонстрируют, что селен, участвуя в синтезе селеносодержащих ферментов и селенопротеинов, обеспечивает функционирование и активность врождённого и приобретённого иммунитета, противоопухолевой и антиоксидантной защиты, которая опосредованно влияет на течение аллергических заболеваний. При селенодефиците увеличивается частота возникновения аллергий, опухолевых заболеваний и инфекций, особенно вирусного генеза.</p> <p>При вирусных инфекциях от достаточного количества селена в организме зависит не только течение иммунных реакций, но и возможность усиления вирулентности возбудителя в случае селенодефицита. При тяжёлом течении заболевания к основным симптомам инфекции могут присоединиться и другие, более серьёзные проявления, как, например, миокардит. Антиоксидантные, иммуностимулирующие, противовирусные свойства селена обеспечивают его модифицирующую роль в развитии заболеваний и проценте летальных исходов. Рациональное потребление селена может иметь большое значение в профилактике, течении и определении исходов многих заболеваний, включая аллергопатологию.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>selenium</kwd><kwd>immune system</kwd><kwd>allergy</kwd><kwd>myocarditis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>селен</kwd><kwd>иммунная система</kwd><kwd>аллергия</kwd><kwd>миокардит</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gorbunov АV, Lyapunov SМ, Okina ОI, Selenium and iodine intake by human body in different diets. Human Ecology. 2011;(10):3–8. EDN: OHWUUB</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Горбунов А.В., Ляпунов С.М., Окина О.И., Фронтасьева М.В. Поступление селена и йода в организм человека с различными рационами питания // Экология человека. 2011. № 10. С. 3–8. 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