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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский Аллергологический Журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1810-8830</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-682X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">16911</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36691/RJA16911</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The experience with subcutaneous allergen-specific immunotherapy with pollen allergens in patients with atopic dermatitis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опыт проведения подкожной аллергенспецифической иммунотерапии пыльцевыми аллергенами у больных атопическим дерматитом</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4609-2591</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Elisyutina</surname><given-names>Olga G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елисютина</surname><given-names>Ольга Гурьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>el-olga@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5021-9276</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Litovkina</surname><given-names>Alla O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литовкина</surname><given-names>Алла Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>dr.litovkina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1302-4178</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smolnikov</surname><given-names>Evgeniy V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смольников</surname><given-names>Евгений Валентинович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>qwertil2010@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3358-5087</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedenko</surname><given-names>Elena S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Феденко</surname><given-names>Елена Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>efedks@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Research Center--Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный научный центр «Институт иммунологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples' Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-03-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-04-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-12-28"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-03-06"><day>06</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-04-15"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/16911">https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/16911</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>BACKGROUND: </italic>Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, the key pathogenetic mechanisms of which include activation of T2-immune inflammation, IgE-specific sensitization to various allergens, and disruptions of epidermal barrier functions. Allergen-specific immunotherapy is the only pathogenetic treatment method that can prevent the progression of the disease and the development of the atopic march. Currently, clinical experience has been accumulated in using allergen-specific immunotherapy for atopic dermatitis, yet the existing evidence base does not allow for definitive conclusions regarding the indications for conducting allergen-specific immunotherapy, especially in atopic dermatitis associated with pollen allergy.</p> <p><italic>AIMS: </italic>Determination of the clinical significance of sensitization to pollen allergens in atopic dermatitis, determination of indications for allergen-specific immunotherapy with pollen allergens and assessment of the effectiveness and safety of this method in atopic dermatitis patients.</p> <p><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS: </italic>A comparative controlled study to evaluate the effectiveness of subcutaneous allergen-specific immunotherapy with pollen allergens of birch or cereal grasses in 78 adult atopic dermatitis patients was conducted. A single course of subcutaneous allergen-specific immunotherapy with water-salt solutions of tree pollen allergens was administered to 33 patients, and grass pollen allergens were administered to 21 patients with atopic dermatitis. The comparison group ― patients with atopic dermatitis who received standard therapy for the disease without allergen-specific immunotherapy ― 24 patients. The primary endpoints of the study were to evaluate the effectiveness of therapy based on the reduction in the severity of atopic dermatitis symptoms, based on the absolute and relative number of patients who achieved a reduction in SCORAD score by 75% and IGA 1/0.</p> <p><italic>RESULTS: </italic>In patients receiving one course of subcutaneous allergen-specific immunotherapy with tree pollen allergens, SCORAD 50 achieved 26, 33, 47% and SCORAD 75 achieved 10, 20 and 33% after 16, 32 and 52 weeks, respectively. In patients who received one course of subcutaneous allergen-specific immunotherapy with grass pollen allergens, SCORAD 50 reached 31, 40, 58% and SCORAD 75 ― 14, 28 and 43% after 16, 32 and 52 weeks, respectively. In the comparison group, the number of such patients was significantly smaller: SCORAD 50 reached 24, 32, 37% and SCORAD 75 ― 13, 22 and 26% after 16, 32 and 52 weeks, respectively. Similar results were obtained when studying the IGA. In all study groups, an improvement in the quality of life of patients was noted, which was reflected in a decrease in the DLQI index by 4 or more points in 12, 25 and 37% of patients receiving one course of subcutaneous allergen-specific immunotherapy with tree pollen allergens, in 14, 28 and 43% in patients after 16, 32 and 52 weeks, respectively. However, the number of such patients in the comparison group was significantly lower: 13, 22 and 26%, respectively.</p> <p><italic>CONCLUSION: </italic>Allergen-specific immunotherapy is an effective way to treat atopic dermatitis patients, provided there is proven sensitization to pollen allergens.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Обоснование. Атопический дерматит — хроническое воспалительное заболевание кожи, ключевыми патогенетическими механизмами которого являются активация T2-иммунного воспаления, IgE-специфическая сенсибилизация к различным аллергенам и нарушения функций эпидермального барьера. Аллергенспецифическая иммунотерапия является единственным патогенетическим методом лечения, который может предотвратить прогрессирование заболевания и развитие атопического марша. В настоящее время накоплен клинический опыт использования аллергенспецифической иммунотерапии при атопическом дерматите, однако существующая доказательная база не позволяет сформулировать окончательные выводы о показаниях к иммунотерапии, особенно при атопическом дерматите, ассоциированном с аллергией на пыльцу растений.</p> <p>Цели ― определение клинической значимости сенсибилизации к пыльцевым аллергенам при атопическом дерматите; определение показаний к проведению аллергенспецифической иммунотерапии пыльцевыми аллергенами и оценка эффективности и безопасности данного метода у пациентов с атопическим дерматитом.</p> <p>Материалы и методы. Проведено сравнительное контролируемое исследование по оценке эффективности подкожной иммунотерапии пыльцевыми аллергенами берёзы или злаковых трав у 78 взрослых пациентов с атопическим дерматитом. Однократный курс подкожной иммунотерапии водно-солевыми растворами аллергенов пыльцы деревьев проведён 33 пациентам, аллергенами пыльцы злаковых трав ― 21. Группу сравнения составили 24 пациента с атопическим дерматитом, получавших только стандартную терапию. Первичными конечными точками исследования была оценка эффективности терапии на основании уменьшения выраженности симптомов атопического дерматита по абсолютному и относительному числу пациентов, у которых достигнуто снижение показателя SCORAD на 75% и IGA 1/0.</p> <p>Результаты. Среди пациентов, получивших один курс подкожной иммунотерапии аллергенами пыльцы деревьев, показателя SCORAD 50 достигли 26, 33 и 47% участников, SCORAD 75 ― 10, 20 и 33% через 16, 32 и 52 недели соответственно. У пациентов, получивших один курс подкожной иммунотерапии аллергенами пыльцы злаковых трав, показателя SCORAD 50 достигли 31, 40 и 58%, SCORAD 75 ― 14, 28 и 43% через 16, 32 и 52 недели соответственно. В группе сравнения при тех же параметрах наблюдения число таких пациентов было значительно меньше: 24, 32 и 37% участников достигли показателя SCORAD 50; 13, 22 и 26% ― SCORAD 75. Схожие результаты получены при оценке индекса тяжести атопического дерматита IGA. В группах, получавших курсы подкожной иммунотерапии аллергенами пыльцы деревьев или злаковых трав, отмечено улучшение качества жизни пациентов в виде снижения дерматологического индекса на 4 и более баллов у 12, 25 и 37% и 14, 28 и 43% пациентов через 16, 32 и 52 недели соответственно. При этом число таких пациентов в группе сравнения было значительно ниже ― 13, 22 и 26% соответственно.</p> <p>Заключение. Аллергенспецифическая иммунотерапия является эффективным способом лечения пациентов с атопическим дерматитом при условии доказанной сенсибилизации к пыльцевым аллергенам.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atopic dermatitis</kwd><kwd>allergen-specific immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>pollen allergy</kwd><kwd>molecular allergy diagnostics</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атопический дерматит</kwd><kwd>аллергенспецифическая иммунотерапия</kwd><kwd>аллергия на пыльцу</kwd><kwd>молекулярная аллергодиагностика</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khaitov RM. Immunology. 4th ed., revised and updated. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2021. 496 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хаитов Р.М. Иммунология. 4-е изд., перераб. и доп. 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