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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский Аллергологический Журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1810-8830</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-682X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">16907</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36691/RJA16907</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Causes and clinical symptoms of anaphylactic reactions in children: implementation into clinical practice of the first Pediatric Moscow Anaphylaxis Registry in the Russian Federation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Причины и клинические симптомы анафилактических реакций у детей: внедрение в клиническую практику первого в Российской Федерации Педиатрического Московского регистра анафилаксии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5039-8473</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9722-7961</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pampura</surname><given-names>Alexander N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пампура</surname><given-names>Александр Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>apampura@pedklin.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8792-2670</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6924-9726</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Esakova</surname><given-names>Natalia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Есакова</surname><given-names>Наталья Владиславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>env007@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4514-8469</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4363-1578</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zimin</surname><given-names>Sergey B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зимин</surname><given-names>Сергей Борисович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>23otd@morozdgkb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1508-314X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6219-0640</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Кovtun</surname><given-names>Ekaterina I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковтун</surname><given-names>Екатерина Игоревна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>EKovtun@morozdgkb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6929-141X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7472-9934</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kara</surname><given-names>Yanina O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кара</surname><given-names>Янина Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>Yolegovna@morozdgkb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9121-5501</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Busova</surname><given-names>Elena S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бусова</surname><given-names>Елена Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>ESBusova@morozdgkb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7375-7526</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9844-6674</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bzhekshieva</surname><given-names>Zareta S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бжекшиева</surname><given-names>Зарета Сурандиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>ZBzhekshieva@morozdgkb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-1025</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1128-8656</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Leonteva</surname><given-names>Marina E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леонтьева</surname><given-names>Марина Евгеньевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>MLeonteva@morozdgkb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0740-1558</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2970-0361</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vitkovskaya</surname><given-names>Irina P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Витковская</surname><given-names>Ирина Петровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>IVitkovskaya@morozdgkb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8272-3648</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8944-9664</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorev</surname><given-names>Valery V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горев</surname><given-names>Валерий Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>mdgkb@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Morozov Children's Municipal Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии имени академика Ю.Е. Вельтищева ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова»»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-05-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-06-16" publication-format="electronic"><day>16</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>203</fpage><lpage>215</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-12-18"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-04-08"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-06-16"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/16907">https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/16907</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>BACKGROUND: </italic>For a long time in the Russian Federation, there was a problem of the lack of registry of anaphylaxis, as the most important tool for recording and monitoring this group of patients. Since 2022, the first Pediatric Moscow Anaphylaxis Registry has started working at the Morozov Children's Hospital.</p> <p><italic>AIM: </italic>Objectification and analysis of data from the Pediatric Moscow Anaphylaxis Registry to determine the frequency, causes and characteristics of anaphylaxis clinical symptoms among children of the Moscow region.</p> <p><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS: </italic>The statistical analysis of the questionnaire data of the patient-oriented questionnaire of 69 children aged 0 to 18 years, who were prospectively included in the Register during emergency hospitalization due to anaphylaxis, was carried out.</p> <p><italic>RESULTS: </italic>The incidence of anaphylaxis among children hospitalized with acute allergic reactions from May 2022 to September 2023 was 5.8%. A higher percentage of anaphylaxis episodes (38%) were observed among adolescents aged 13–18 years, three patients developed anaphylaxis in the first year of life (minimum age 1 month). Boys (70%) prevailed among patients with anaphylaxis under the age of 13, and girls (56%) prevailed among adolescents aged 13–18 (<italic>p</italic>=0.042). In 75%, anaphylaxis developed at home. For patients of all age groups, food anaphylaxis was dominant (75–91%). Tree nuts were the most common suspected trigger of food anaphylaxis ― 35% of reactions, and confectionery products in 17% of cases. With anaphylaxis, 56% of children experienced symptoms from four or more organ systems, the most common symptoms were from the skin/mucous (94%), respiratory organs (78%) and laryngeal symptoms (64%). At the stage of emergency medical care, the frequency of diagnosis of anaphylaxis was 22%, and the administration of epinephrine was 54%. The frequency of epinephrine use among children under 3 years of age was lower compared to adolescents aged 13–18 years (25% vs 76%, <italic>p</italic>=0.003)</p> <p><italic>CONCLUSION: </italic>The data from the work of the first Pediatric Moscow Anaphylaxis Registry in the Russian Federation demonstrate a high incidence of anaphylaxis among patients with acute allergic reactions. More than 1/3 of anaphylactic reactions occur in adolescents aged 13–18 years, while anaphylaxis occurs even in the first month of life. Anaphylaxis most often develops at home, which dictates the special need for careful training of patients in the rules of elimination of the trigger. The dominant cause of anaphylaxis in children in the Russian Federation, regardless of age, are food allergens, tree nuts induce anaphylaxis in more than 1/3 of cases. The frequency of diagnosis of anaphylaxis at the stage of emergency medical care does not exceed 22%, administration of epinephrine ― 54%, minimal use of epinephrine is observed among children under 3 years of age.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Обоснование. В Российской Федерации долгое время существовала проблема отсутствия регистра анафилаксии как важнейшего инструмента учёта и наблюдения данной группы больных. С 2022 года на базе Морозовской детской больницы запущен первый Педиатрический Московский регистр анафилаксии.</p> <p>Цель исследования ― объективизация и анализ данных Педиатрического Московского регистра анафилаксии с целью определения частоты, причин и особенностей клинических симптомов анафилаксии среди детей Московского региона.</p> <p>Материалы и методы. Подвергнуты статистическому анализу анкетные данные пациенториентированного опросника 69 детей в возрасте от 0 до 18 лет, которые проспективно были включены в регистр при экстренной госпитализации в связи с анафилаксией.</p> <p>Результаты. Частота анафилаксии среди детей, экстренно госпитализированных с острыми аллергическими реакциями в стационар за период с мая 2022 по сентябрь 2023 года, составила 5,8%. БÓльшая доля эпизодов анафилаксии (38%) наблюдалась среди подростков 13–18 лет, у 3 пациентов анафилаксия развилась на первом году жизни (минимальный возраст 1 месяц). Среди пациентов с анафилаксией в возрасте до 13 лет превалировали мальчики (70%), среди подростков 13–18 лет ― девочки (56%) (<italic>p</italic>=0,042). В 75% случаев анафилаксия развивалась в домашних условиях. У пациентов всех возрастных групп доминировала пищевая анафилаксия (75–91%). Наиболее частым предполагаемым триггером пищевой анафилаксии выступали орехи деревьев (35%) и кондитерские изделия (17%). При развитии анафилаксии 56% детей испытывали симптомы со стороны 4 систем органов и более, наиболее часто со стороны кожи/слизистых (94%), органов дыхательной системы (78%) и ларингеальные симптомы (64%). На этапе скорой медицинской помощи частота верификации диагноза анафилаксии составляла 22%, введения эпинефрина ― 54%. Частота использования эпинефрина среди детей в возрасте до 3 лет была ниже относительно подростков 13–18 лет (25 против 76%; <italic>p</italic>=0,003)</p> <p>Заключение. Данные работы первого в Российской Федерации Педиатрического Московского регистра анафилаксии демонстрируют высокую частоту анафилаксии среди пациентов с острыми аллергическими реакциями. Более 1/3 анафилактических реакций приходится на подростков 13–18 лет, при этом анафилаксия встречается даже на первом месяце жизни. Наиболее часто анафилаксия развивается в домашних условиях, что диктует особую необходимость тщательного обучения пациентов правилам элиминации триггера. Доминирующей причиной анафилаксии у детей в России независимо от возраста являются пищевые аллергены, из них на орехи деревьев приходится 1/3 случаев.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anaphylaxis</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>allergy</kwd><kwd>epinephrine</kwd><kwd>tryptase</kwd><kwd>anaphylactic reaction</kwd><kwd>registry</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>анафилаксия</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>аллергия</kwd><kwd>эпинефрин</kwd><kwd>триптаза</kwd><kwd>анафилактическая реакция</kwd><kwd>регистр</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was supported by a grant from the Government of Moscow No. 0408-1.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено при поддержке гранта Правительства Москвы на реализацию научно-практического проекта в медицине № 0408-1.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anaphylactic shock. 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