Russian Journal of AllergyRussian Journal of AllergyРоссийский Аллергологический Журнал1810-88302686-682XPublishing House ABV Press1690610.36691/RJA16906Original study articlesОригинальные исследованияResearch ArticleClinical and epidemiological features of cutaneous mastocytosis among the pediatric population of MoscowКлинико-эпидемиологические характеристики кожного мастоцитоза среди детского населения города Москвыhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0767-8821KasikhinaElena I.КасихинаЕлена Игоревна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

канд. мед. наук

kasprof@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9578-5490PotekaevNikolay N.ПотекаевНиколай Николаевич
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

д-р мед. наук, профессор

klinderma@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7714-7970IvanovaMaisa A.ИвановаМаиса Афанасьевна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

д-р мед. наук, профессор

maisa961@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5723-6573ZhukovaOlga V.ЖуковаОльга Валентиновна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

д-р мед. наук, профессор

klinderma@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2897-3798NovozhilovaOlga L.НовожиловаОльга Леонидовна
Russian Federation
novozhilova.o@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3386-1467OstretsovaMaria N.ОстрецоваМария Николаевна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

канд. мед. наук

ostretsova-mn@rudn.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8094-0128OkenaevaAizhanОкенаеваАйжан
Russian Federation
okenaeva61@mail.ruMoscow Scientific and Practical Center of Dermatovenereology and CosmetologyМосковский научно-практический Центр дерматовенерологии и косметологииPeoples' Friendship University of RussiaРоссийский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса ЛумумбыThe Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. PirogovРоссийский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова220320241504202421174811512202326012024Copyright ©; 2024, Pharmarus Print MediaCopyright ©; 2024, Фармарус Принт Медиа2024Pharmarus Print MediaФармарус Принт Медиаhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/16906

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous mastocytosis is a rare disease that primarily develops in childhood.

AIM: This study aimed to determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics and frequency of detection of cutaneous mastocytosis among children in Moscow.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-center epidemiological retrospective study was conducted. Data from Form № 12 of the federal statistical observation "Information on the number of diseases registered in patients living in the service area of a medical organization" were used as a statistical source of information. To calculate the incidence rate in intensive indicators per 100 thousand population, data on the population of Moscow for the period 2019–2022 were used.

RESULTS: Over the period 2019–2022, a gradual trend towards an increase in the number of newly identified cases of cutaneous mastocytosis in children and adolescents in Moscow was revealed. Number of initial applications from children and adolescents (0–17 years old) for this period increased by 4.8 times. The share of cutaneous mastocytosis in the structure of skin diseases and congenital anomalies (malformations) of the skin increases every year. In 2019, for every 1,834 pediatric visits (age category 0–17 years) regarding skin diseases, there was 1 case of mastocytosis; in 2020 the ratio was 1,863:1; in 2021 ― 491:1; in 2022 ― 376:1. Since 2019, there has been an increase in the primary incidence of cutaneous mastocytosis from 3.63 cases per 100,000 child population to 16.61 cases per 100,000 child population in 2022.

CONCLUSION: The increase in incidence in the pediatric population and the share of cutaneous mastocytosis in the structure of skin diseases in recent years demonstrates the need to generate interest and attention of the medical community to this pathology.

Обоснование. Кожный мастоцитоз ― редкое заболевание, развивающееся преимущественно в детском возрасте. Единичные публикации последних лет, посвящённые эпидемиологии мастоцитоза, свидетельствуют о постепенном росте показателей распространённости данного заболевания.

Цель ― изучить клинико-эпидемиологические характеристики и частоту выявления кожного мастоцитоза среди детского населения города Москвы.

Материалы и методы. Проведено одноцентровое эпидемиологическое ретроспективное исследование за период 2019–2022 годов. В качестве статистического источника информации были использованы данные формы № 12 федерального статистического наблюдения «Сведения о числе заболеваний, зарегистрированных у пациентов, проживающих в районе обслуживания медицинской организации». Для вычисления уровня заболеваемости в интенсивных показателях на 100 000 населения использованы данные о численности населения города Москвы за период 2019–2022 годов.

Результаты. За анализируемый период в Москве наблюдается постепенная тенденция к росту числа вновь выявленных случаев мастоцитоза у детей и подростков. Число первичных обращений детей и подростков (0–17 лет) за период с 2019 по 2022 год выросло в 4,8 раза. Доля кожного мастоцитоза в структуре кожных болезней и врождённых аномалий (пороков развития) кожи ежегодно увеличивается. В 2019 году на 1834 обращения детей (возрастная категория 0–17 лет) по поводу кожных заболеваний приходился 1 случай заболевания мастоцитозом, в 2020 году это соотношение составило 1863:1, в 2021 году ― 491:1, в 2022 году ― 376:1. С 2019 года наблюдается рост первичной заболеваемости кожным мастоцитозом с 3,63 до 16,61 случая на 100 000 детского населения в 2022 году.

Заключение. Рост заболеваемости в детской популяции и доли кожного мастоцитоза в структуре кожных болезней в последние годы демонстрирует необходимость формирования интереса и привлечения внимания врачебной общественности к данной патологии.

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