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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский Аллергологический Журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1810-8830</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-682X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1589</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36691/RJA1589</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The results of the evaluation of the international testing “Acute reactions in children” among doctors of various specialties</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Результаты оценки международного тестирования «Острые реакции у детей» среди врачей различных специальностей</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5039-8473</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9722-7961</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pampura</surname><given-names>Alexander N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пампура</surname><given-names>Александр Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>apampura@pedklin.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8792-2670</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6924-9726</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Esakova</surname><given-names>Natalia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Есакова</surname><given-names>Наталья Владиславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>env007@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-1109</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1087-6660</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolotova</surname><given-names>Daria D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долотова</surname><given-names>Дарья Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент</p></bio><email>dariadolotova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4200-4598</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4357-3897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>Irina N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Ирина Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>kafedra25@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1296-1760</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8797-7297</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Plavunov</surname><given-names>Nikolai F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плавунов</surname><given-names>Николай Филиппович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>info@ssnmp.mosgorzdrav.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0798-1625</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3630-5061</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lekmanov</surname><given-names>Andrey U.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лекманов</surname><given-names>Андрей Устинович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>aulek@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1414-5337</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7739-3396</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kadyshev</surname><given-names>Valeriy A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кадышев</surname><given-names>Валерий Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>damask51@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии имени академика Ю.Е. Вельтищева</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Station of ambulance and emergency care name A.C. Puchkova</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Станция скорой и неотложной медицинской помощи имени А.С. Пучкова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет имени А.И. Евдокимова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-03-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-04-06" publication-format="electronic"><day>06</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-12-21"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-01-23"><day>23</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2025-04-06"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/1589">https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/1589</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND:</italic></bold> Anaphylaxis is a situation at risk of death; thus, doctors should identify its symptoms and provide emergency assistance.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIMS:</italic></bold> This study aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of the level of knowledge on anaphylaxis in children among doctors of various specialties.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</italic></bold> The study was conducted anonymously using an online questionnaire (Google Forms) among five groups of doctors: allergologists-immunologists, resuscitators-anesthesiologists, emergency physicians, pediatricians, and students of accredited university graduates. The questionnaire included six tasks on anaphylaxis in children and four tasks on other diseases similar to anaphylaxis, and each had two questions (diagnosis and treatment) with three answer options; if one was correct, 1 point was given.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS:</italic></bold> A total of 1871 respondents from nine countries filled out the questionnaire correctly. The average score of the allergists on anaphylaxis tasks was the highest (9 of 12 points) in comparison with other groups (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001). The average score on non-anaphylaxis tasks was high in all groups (7 of 8 points). The level of knowledge of respondents did not correlate with age and work experience. In anaphylaxis tasks, allergists made the appropriate diagnosis in 83.7% of cases; resuscitators, pediatricians, and students in 2/3; and emergency physicians in 50%. For the treatment of anaphylaxis, allergists prescribed epinephrine in 66.7% of cases, and other groups in ≤50%. The percentage of correct answers in the tasks of food anaphylaxis (diagnosis) was the highest among allergists (80–96%), compared with other groups (36–82%) (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001). In the treatment of food anaphylaxis, allergists prescribed epinephrine more often (up to 85%) than other groups (up to 77%). The percentage of correct responses of drug anaphylaxis among all groups was high; however, resuscitators responded better (diagnosis, 94%; treatment, 64%). All groups had the lowest level of knowledge on idiopathic anaphylaxis.</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSIONS:</italic></bold> Anaphylaxis can be underdiagnosed in 50% of pediatric cases; however, even with correct diagnosis, epinephrine is not prescribed in half of the cases. Thus, increasing and maintaining the level of knowledge on anaphylaxis among doctors of various specialties, regardless of their length of service, are necessary.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Обоснование.</italic></bold> Анафилаксия является ситуацией риска летального исхода, поэтому врач любого профиля должен быть готов быстро сориентироваться в её симптомах и оказать экстренную помощь.</p> <p><bold><italic>Цель</italic></bold><italic> </italic>― сравнительный анализ уровня знаний по диагностике и лечению анафилаксии у детей среди врачей различных специальностей.</p> <p><bold><italic>Материалы и методы.</italic></bold> Исследование проводилось анонимно с помощью онлайн-опросника (платформа Google) среди 5 групп врачей: аллергологов-иммунологов, реаниматологов-анестезиологов, врачей скорой медицинской помощи, педиатров и обучающихся аккредитованных выпускников вузов. Опросник включал 6 задач («анафилаксия»), описывающих клинический сценарий анафилаксии у детей, и 4 задачи («не анафилаксия»), соответствующие клиническим сценариям других заболеваний, схожих с анафилаксией. В каждой задаче было по 2 вопроса (диагноз и лечение) с тремя вариантами ответов, один из которых был правильным, за него начислялся 1 балл.</p> <p><bold><italic>Результаты.</italic></bold> Анализу подвергнуты анкеты респондентов из 9 стран (<italic>n</italic>=1871). Средний балл ответов аллергологов по задачам «анафилаксии» (диагностика и лечение) был самым высоким (9 баллов из 12 возможных) в сравнении с другими группами врачей (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0,001). Средний балл по задачам «не анафилаксии» был высоким во всех группах респондентов (7 баллов из 8 возможных) (<italic>p</italic> &gt;0,05). Уровень знаний респондентов по анафилаксии не коррелировал с их возрастом и стажем работы. В задачах «анафилаксии» аллергологи выставляли соответствующий диагноз в 83,7% случаев, реаниматологи, педиатры и обучающиеся ― в 2/3 случаев, врачи скорой медицинской помощи ― в 50%. При купировании анафилаксии аллергологи назначали эпинефрин в 66,7% случаев, врачи других групп ― в 50% и менее. Доля правильных ответов в задачах по диагностике пищевой анафилаксии была самой высокой среди аллергологов (80–96%) в сравнении с респондентами других групп (36–82%) (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0,001). Эпинефрин при лечении пищевой анафилаксии аллергологи назначали чаще (до 85%), чем в других группах респондентов (до 77%). Доля правильных ответов по лечению и диагностике лекарственной анафилаксии среди всех групп была высокой, но лучше отвечали реаниматологи (диагностика ― 94%, лечение ― 64%). Уровень знаний по идиопатической анафилаксии был самым низким во всех группах.</p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение.</italic></bold> Гиподиагностика анафилаксии у детей может достигать 50%, но даже при правильной постановке диагноза в половине случаев эпинефрин не назначается, что определяет необходимость повышения и поддержания уровня знаний по различным аспектам анафилаксии, независимо от стажа, как среди узких специалистов, так и врачей первичного звена.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anaphylaxis</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>allergy</kwd><kwd>survey</kwd><kwd>epinephrine</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>анафилаксия</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>аллергия</kwd><kwd>опрос</kwd><kwd>эпинефрин</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang Y, Allen KJ, Suaini NH, et al. 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