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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский Аллергологический Журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1810-8830</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-682X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1535</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36691/RJA1535</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Allergen-specific immunotherapy and real-world evidence</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Аллергенспецифическая иммунотерапия и доказательства реальной клинической практики (real-world evidence)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7585-1390</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2714-0906</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Timoshenko</surname><given-names>Daria O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимошенко</surname><given-names>Дарья Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, отделение Бронхиальной астмы</p></bio><email>d.o.timoshenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4164-4094</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">7004658159</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">P-9255-2017</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7593-0838</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>Ksenia S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>Ксения Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>ksenimedical@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3250-0694</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5698-6436</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurbacheva</surname><given-names>Oksana M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курбачева</surname><given-names>Оксана Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>kurbacheva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Research Center ― Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный научный центр «Институт иммунологии» Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2022-05-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-06-06" publication-format="electronic"><day>06</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>190</fpage><lpage>200</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-04-26"><day>26</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-05-04"><day>04</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2024-06-06"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/1535">https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/1535</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Allergen immunotherapy is the most common method of treating IgE-dependent allergic disorders in clinical practice. Despite the enormous amount of data from randomized placebo-controlled trials on allergen immunotherapy efficacy, a lot of questions regarding the efficacy of allergen immunotherapy in practice remain unanswered. These questions can be answered using real-world evidence.</p> <p>In conducting real-world evidence investigations of allergen immunotherapy, it is necessary to follow a strict methodology and perform a multivariate analysis of the available data. The use of statistical methods reduces the risk of bias. The REACT study, which included more than 90,000 patients with allergic rhinitis from Germany, is currently the largest and the most comprehensive real-world evidence study of allergen immunotherapy. To ensure comparable groups and representative data, a propensity score match statistical adjustment procedure was applied. The REACT study provided results of fundamental clinical and public health significance: the allergen immunotherapy leads to a sustained and long-term reduction in drug prescription in patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma, improved control of asthma, and also prevents the development of exacerbations and respiratory infections in asthma patients.</p> <p>The REACT study is a good quality real-world evidence study with strict methodology and representative results.</p> <p>Further high-quality standard studies of real-world data may not only confirm the randomized trial evidence but also may become a source of new evidence of the efficacy and safety of allergen immunotherapy in clinical practice.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Аллергенспецифическая иммунотерапия является основным методом патогенетического лечения IgE-зависимых аллергических заболеваний, широко применяемым в клинической практике. Полученный в результате рандомизированных плацебоконтролируемых исследований большой объём данных об эффективности аллергенспецифической иммунотерапии оставляет, тем не менее, открытыми некоторые вопросы её применения в рутинной практической деятельности. Ответы на эти вопросы могут быть получены с использованием доказательств реальной клинической практики (real-world evidence, RWE).</p> <p>При проведении RWE-исследований аллергенспецифической иммунотерапии необходимы соблюдение строгой методологии, многофакторный анализ имеющихся данных, а также применение статистических методов, снижающих риск систематических ошибок. В настоящее время наиболее масштабным и всеобъемлющим является исследование REACT, в которое было включено более 90 тыс. пациентов с аллергическим ринитом из Германии. В ходе исследования использовался метод статистической корректировки ― сопоставление показателей предрасположенности, в результате чего сравниваемые группы пациентов были однородными, а данные, полученные в исследовании, ― репрезентативными. В исследовании REACT были получены результаты, имеющие принципиальное значение для клинической практики и системы здравоохранения, показавшие, что аллергенспецифическая иммунотерапия приводит к устойчивому и долгосрочному снижению использования препаратов, назначаемых пациентам с аллергическим ринитом и бронхиальной астмой, улучшению контроля бронхиальной астмы, а также профилактирует развитие обострений и респираторных инфекций у пациентов с бронхиальной астмой.</p> <p>REACT является примером RWE-исследования надлежащего качества со строгой методологией и репрезентативными результатами.</p> <p>Дальнейшее изучение данных реальной клинической практики в соответствии с высокими стандартами качества может не только подтверждать доказательства, полученные в рандомизированных исследованиях, но и быть источником новых доказательств эффективности и безопасности применения аллергенспецифической иммунотерапии в рутинной практике.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>allergen immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>allergic rhinitis</kwd><kwd>asthma</kwd><kwd>real-world data</kwd><kwd>real-world evidence</kwd><kwd>allergen immunotherapy efficacy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аллергенспецифическая иммунотерапия</kwd><kwd>АСИТ</kwd><kwd>аллергический ринит</kwd><kwd>АР</kwd><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>БА</kwd><kwd>данные реальной клинической практики</kwd><kwd>доказательства реальной клинической практики</kwd><kwd>эффективность аллергенспецифической иммунотерапии</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by ALK.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Поисково-аналитическая работа проведена при поддержке компании ALK.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Federal clinical guidelines for allergen-specific immunotherapy. 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