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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский Аллергологический Журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1810-8830</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-682X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1508</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36691/RJA1508</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">On the question of the validity of epidemiological data regarding atopic dermatitis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>К вопросу об обоснованности эпидемиологических данных относительно атопического дерматита</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5999-7085</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2399-5783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Macharadze</surname><given-names>Dali Sh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мачарадзе</surname><given-names>Дали Шотаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н.</p></bio><email>dalim_a@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples' Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2022-03-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-04-06" publication-format="electronic"><day>06</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>52</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-12-15"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-03-09"><day>09</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2024-04-06"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/1508">https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/1508</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Atopic dermatitis is a heterogeneous disease. Its development is associated with certain genes, features of immune mechanisms, dysfunction of the skin barrier, and the influence of several environmental factors. As recent studies show, clinical symptoms depend on the age of the patient, disease severity, response to therapy, and molecular mechanisms involved (endotypes of atopic dermatitis). The features of atopic dermatitis were revealed depending on the race and/or ethnicity of the patients. In addition, the phenotype and endotype of the disease should be taken into account when making a diagnosis of atopic dermatitis.</p> <p>Atopic dermatitis is diagnosed clinically, based on the data of the anamnesis of the disease and a doctor’s examination. Due to the variability of clinical manifestations, skin lesions and wave-like course, it is even more difficult to correctly diagnose the disease in population studies. Even if the results are obtained on carefully selected groups in specialized clinics and in cross-sectional studies, they may be subject to systematic error and limited generalizability.</p> <p>All of the aforementioned strongly influence the epidemiological data regarding atopic dermatitis. Today, the prevalence rates of atopic dermatitis vary widely around the world. Epidemiological data are primarily affected by such factors as the lack of a unified approach to the definition of atopic dermatitis, design and methods of studies, disease codes, and diagnosis. In addition, it is important how accurately the diagnosis is made and what the severity of atopic dermatitis is. Entries in electronic records, including written prescriptions, also do not contribute to a sufficiently accurate identification of such patients. It is necessary to clarify the clinical diagnosis of atopic dermatitis and disease codes, including those misdiagnosed as atopic dermatitis, which directly affects the epidemiological data on atopic dermatitis in general.</p> <p>Thus, the epidemiology of atopic dermatitis is insufficiently studied and requires a unified approach. To fully understand the true prevalence of this disease, further research is needed, as well as updating the classification of allergic diseases.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Атопический дерматит ― гетерогенное заболевание. Его развитие связано с определёнными генами, особенностями иммунных механизмов, нарушением функции кожного барьера и влиянием многих факторов окружающей среды. Как показывают последние исследования, клинические симптомы атопического дерматита зависят от возраста пациента, тяжести течения, ответа на терапию и вовлечённых молекулярных механизмов (эндотипы атопического дерматита). Выявлены также особенности атопического дерматита в зависимости от расы и/или этнической принадлежности больных. Кроме этого, при постановке диагноза атопического дерматита следует учитывать фенотип и эндотип заболевания.</p> <p>Атопический дерматит диагностируют клинически, на основе данных анамнеза заболевания и осмотра врача. Из-за изменчивости клинических проявлений, поражения кожи и волнообразного течения ещё сложнее правильно диагностировать заболевание в популяционных исследованиях. Даже если результаты получены на тщательно отобранных группах в специализированных клиниках и в перекрёстных исследованиях, они могут быть подвержены систематической ошибке и ограниченной обобщаемости.</p> <p>Все вышесказанное сильно влияет на эпидемиологические данные относительно атопического дерматита. Сегодня показатели распространённости заболевания во всём мире существенно различаются. На эпидемиологические данные влияют в первую очередь такие факторы, как отсутствие единого подхода к определению, дизайну и методам исследований, кодам заболевания, диагностике и т.д. Кроме того, важно, насколько точно поставлен диагноз и какова степень тяжести атопического дерматита. Записи в электронных картах, включая выписанные рецепты, также не способствуют достаточно точной идентификации таких пациентов. Необходимо уточнять клинический диагноз атопического дерматита и коды заболеваний, в том числе ошибочно диагностируемых как атопический дерматит, что в целом напрямую влияет на эпидемиологические данные.</p> <p>Таким образом, эпидемиология атопического дерматита недостаточно изучена и требует единого подхода. Чтобы полностью понять истинную распространённость данного заболевания, необходимы дальнейшие исследования, а также обновление классификации аллергических заболеваний.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atopic dermatitis</kwd><kwd>prevalence</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>adults</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атопический дерматит</kwd><kwd>распространённость</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>взрослые</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">All-Russian public organization “Russian Society of Dermatovenerologists and Cosmetologists”; All-Russian public organization “Russian Association of Allergologists and Clinical Immunologists”; All-Russian public Organization “Union of Pediatricians of Russia” with the participation of the Union “National Alliance of Dermatovenerologists and Cosmetologists”. Clinical recommendations. 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