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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский Аллергологический Журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1810-8830</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-682X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">14874</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36691/RJA14874</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Severity predictors of different phenotypes of T2 asthma endotype</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Характеристика предикторов тяжёлого течения различных фенотипов Т2-эндотипа бронхиальной астмы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3533-2596</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1875-3934</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khakimova</surname><given-names>Milyausha R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хакимова</surname><given-names>Миляуша Рашитовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mileushe7@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6528-6774</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1485-5669</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Valeeva</surname><given-names>Alina R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валеева</surname><given-names>Алина Рамилевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>aliv05@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5505-4984</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6678-2044</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurmaeva</surname><given-names>Naira S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курмаева</surname><given-names>Найра Шафкатовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nkurmaeva@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5793-5753</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8649-6138</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Skorokhodkina</surname><given-names>Olesya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скороходкина</surname><given-names>Олеся Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>olesya-27@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-09-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-10-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>263</fpage><lpage>274</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-07-24"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-09-05"><day>05</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2025-10-18"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/14874">https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/14874</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> Epidemiological studies have showed that severe asthma is observed in 5–10% of patients. It is considered as a major social and economic burden for the healthcare system.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIM</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> to perform a comparative analysis of clinical features of allergic and non-allergic phenotypes of T2 asthma and determine the most important predictors of severity.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> We studied 150 patients with asthma (ages 18–65). Of these, 61 were diagnosed with T2 endotype of asthma. Clinical examination and allergy testing were performed. The potential predictors of severe asthma included: asthma phenotype, gender, age (including elderly age), daytime/nocturnal symptoms per week, asthma exacerbations that required systemic corticosteroid therapy and hospitalisations, the volume of forced exhalation in the first second (FEV<sub>1</sub>; % of predicted value), body mass index (kg/m<sup>2</sup>), concomitant diseases, smoking status, sensitization to non-infectious allergens and blood eosinophil count.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> Group 1 included 34 patients with allergic phenotype of asthma, group 2 ― 27 patients with non-allergic phenotype of T2 endotype of asthma. Univariate analyses revealed that subjects with non-allergic asthma were likely to have severe asthma (OR=3.14 [95% CI: 1.09–9.58]. Increased daytime symptoms per week, nocturnal symptoms per week, exacerbations that require systemic corticosteroids and hospitalisation were associated with asthma severity (OR=1.05 [95% CI: 1.01–1.11], 1.21 [95% CI: 1.05–1.45], 3.46 [95% CI: 1.68–10.19], 4 [95% CI: 1.75–12.32] and 4 [95% CI: 1.75–12.32], respectively), regardless of the disease phenotype. Lower FEV<sub>1</sub> was associated with severe asthma (OR=0.96 [95% CI: 0.93–0.99]. Multivariate analysis showed that age, increased frequency of nocturnal symptoms, and lower FEV<sub>1</sub> were associated with severe asthma.</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSION</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> The certain clinical differences of allergic and non-allergic asthma could be revealed when analyzing anamnestic data and clinical findings. Increased frequency of nocturnal symptoms, decreased FEV<sub>1</sub> and age are the most significant predictors of severe T2 endotype of asthma.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование</bold>. Согласно эпидемиологическим данным, тяжёлая бронхиальная астма отмечается у 5–10% пациентов и представляет собой значимое социально-экономическое бремя для системы здравоохранения.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> ― провести сравнительный анализ клинических особенностей аллергического и неаллергического фенотипов Т2-эндотипа бронхиальной астмы и определить наиболее значимые предикторы тяжёлого течения заболевания.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. Обследовано 150 больных бронхиальной астмой в возрасте от 18 до 65 лет, из них в исследование включён 61 пациент с Т2-эндотипом заболевания. Диагноз бронхиальной астмы устанавливался на основе общеклинических и аллергологических методов исследования. В качестве предикторов тяжёлого течения заболевания рассматривались фенотип бронхиальной астмы, пол, возраст (в том числе пожилой), общее количество дневных/ночных симптомов в неделю, количество обострений, требующих назначения системных глюкокортикостероидов и госпитализаций, объём форсированного выдоха за первую секунду (ОФВ<sub>1</sub>, процент от должных величин), индекс массы тела (кг/м<sup>2</sup>), наличие сопутствующей патологии, курение, сенсибилизация к неинфекционным аллергенам, абсолютное количество эозинофилов периферической крови.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Сформированы 2 группы: пациенты с аллергическим (<italic>n</italic>=34; группа 1) и неаллергическим (<italic>n</italic>=27; группа 2) фенотипом Т2-эндотипа бронхиальной астмы. Проведённый однофакторный анализ показал, что у пациентов группы 2 шанс более тяжёлого течения был в среднем в 3,14 [95% ДИ 1,09–9,58] раза выше, чем в группе 1. Независимо от фенотипа бронхиальной астмы, увеличение общего числа дневных/ночных симптомов в неделю, числа требующих назначения системных глюкокортикостероидов обострений, числа госпитализаций из-за обострений было статистически значимо ассоциировано с более тяжёлой степенью бронхиальной астмы в среднем в 1,05 [95% ДИ 1,01–1,11], 1,21 [95% ДИ 1,05–1,45], 3,46 [95% ДИ 1,68–10,19] и 4 [95% ДИ 1,75–12,32] раза соответственно. Снижение ОФВ<sub>1</sub> являлось статистически значимым предиктором более тяжёлого течения бронхиальной астмы (ОШ 0,96 [95% ДИ 0,93–0,99]). Многофакторный анализ выявил, что только возраст пациента на момент осмотра, увеличение числа ночных симптомов и низкое значение ОФВ<sub>1</sub> ассоциированы с тяжёлым течением бронхиальной астмы.</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Аллергический и неаллергический фенотипы Т2-эндотипа бронхиальной астмы имеют определённые клинические различия, которые возможно определить на этапе анализа клинико-анамнестических данных.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>asthma</kwd><kwd>phenotypes</kwd><kwd>severe asthma</kwd><kwd>predictors</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>фенотипы</kwd><kwd>тяжёлая бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>предикторы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project N 19-05-50094.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено при поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований в рамках научного проекта № 19-05-50094.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Global Initiative for Asthma. 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