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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский Аллергологический Журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1810-8830</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-682X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1436</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36691/RJA1436</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Drug intolerance: age-related aspects</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Возрастные аспекты реакций на лекарственные препараты</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1657-0695</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57204454570</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3567-8379</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grakhova</surname><given-names>Maria A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грахова</surname><given-names>Мария Андреевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>mari.grahova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2566-5370</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1382-1555</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rychkova</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рычкова</surname><given-names>Ольга Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>richkovaoa@mail.ri</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5909-2048</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8332-6947</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Braun</surname><given-names>Anastasia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Браун</surname><given-names>Анастасия Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>badulina_anastasiya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6741-8458</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8210-5726</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sagitova</surname><given-names>Almira S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сагитова</surname><given-names>Альмира Самигулловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>ya.al.sagitowa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0668-6213</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2103-4460</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesterova</surname><given-names>Maria A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нестерова</surname><given-names>Мария Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>maria.nesterova72@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Regional Clinical Hospital No 1</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Областная клиническая больница № 1</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Tyumen State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Тюменский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">INVITRO-Ural LLC</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «ИНВИТРО-Урал»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Tyumen Region Infection Pathology Research Institute</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Тюменский научно-исследовательский институт краевой инфекционной патологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2021-09-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-10-06" publication-format="electronic"><day>06</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-03-25"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-09-08"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2023-10-06"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/1436">https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/1436</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> Drug hypersensitivity is an adverse reaction caused by immune or non-immune mechanisms to the intake of adequate doses of drugs. To avoid a dangerous situation, correctly collected pharmacological history, taking into account all the characteristics of the patient (gender, age, concomitant pathology), and knowledge of the mechanism of action of drugs can help a practicing physician who does not currently have a reliable method for diagnosing drug hypersensitivity.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> Identification of age-specific drug intolerance.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</bold> The study was conducted from 2017 to 2020 and included 200 outpatient medical history forms of individuals diagnosed with an unspecified pathological reaction to a drug or medication. All drug reactions were based on patient’s own statements and were allocated as dichotomous variables. The results were analyzed by nonparametric statistics (Pearson’s chi-square).</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> Three groups of patients were identified: 18–44 years (<italic>n</italic>=49), 45–60 years (<italic>n</italic>=60), ≥61 (<italic>n</italic>=91). The odds of incomprehensible reactions were 2.2 times higher in patients in group 3 than in patients in the other groups. Group 3 patients were 12 times more likely to have an itchy reaction to medications than patients in the other groups. Group 1 patients were 3 times more likely to have urticaria than patients in groups 2 and 3. The odds of drug intolerance to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors were 2.6 times higher in patients in group 3 than in patients in the other groups. When comparing clinical manifestations of drug intolerance to penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics, no significant differences were found in all patients. The presence of allergies and somatic pathology of ≥3 systems did not significantly affect the possibility of reactions of varying severity to ≥3 drugs in these groups.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSIONS:</bold> Patient’s age has no effect on the possibility of reactions to certain groups of drugs. The exception was ACE inhibitors, which is most likely due to the higher frequency of prescribing antihypertensive therapy in patients in this age group. The aggravation of clinical manifestations and the occurrence of polypharmacy are not associated with age and comorbid background. Age and non-life-threatening clinical manifestations of drug intolerance were correlated, which indicates the absence of the reliable effect of age on the possibility of anaphylactic shock or angioedema.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ.</bold> Лекарственная гиперчувствительность представляет собой обусловленные иммунными или неиммунными механизмами нежелательные реакции на приём адекватных доз лекарственных препаратов. Практикующему врачу, не имеющему на сегодняшний день достоверного метода диагностики лекарственной гиперчувствительности, поможет избежать опасной ситуации только правильно собранный фармакологический анамнез с учётом всех характеристик пациента (пол, возраст, сопутствующая патология) и знание механизма действия лекарственных средств.</p> <p><bold>ЦЕЛЬ</bold> ― выявить возрастные особенности реакций на лекарственные препараты.</p> <p><bold>МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ. </bold>Исследование проводилось в период с 2017 по 2020 г. В исследование включены 200 амбулаторных карт пациентов с диагнозом «Патологическая реакция на лекарственное средство или медикаменты, неуточнённая». Данные фармако-аллергологического анамнеза указывались только на основании информации, полученной от пациента и, возможно, ранее выставленного в другом ЛПУ диагноза лекарственной гиперчувствительности. Все реакции на лекарственные препараты были распределены по дихотомическим переменным. Результаты исследований проанализированы методом непараметрической статистики (хи-квадрат Пирсона).</p> <p><bold>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. </bold>Выделены 3 группы пациентов: 18–44 года (<italic>n</italic>=49); 45–60 лет (<italic>n</italic>=60); 61 год и старше (<italic>n</italic>=91). У пациентов 3-й группы вероятность появления зуда и не обусловленных гиперчувствительностью реакций на лекарственные препараты выше, чем у других, в 12 и 2,2 раза соответственно. Пациенты 1-й группы в 3 раза чаще подвержены развитию крапивницы, чем участники групп 2 и 3, а вероятность реакций на ингибиторы ангиотензинпревращающего фермента выше в 2,6 раза у пациентов 3-й группы. При сравнении клинических проявлений лекарственной гиперчувствительности на антибиотики пенициллинового и цефалоспоринового ряда достоверных различий между пациентами не выявлено. Наличие аллергии и соматической патологии трёх и более систем у пациентов наблюдаемых групп достоверно не повлияло на возможность возникновения реакций разной степени тяжести при приёме ≥3 препаратов одновременно.</p> <p><bold>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. </bold>Возраст пациента не оказывает влияния на вероятность возникновения реакций на определённые группы препаратов (исключением стали ингибиторы ангиотензинпревращающего фермента, что, скорей всего, обусловлено более высокой частотой назначения антигипертензивной терапии у пациентов данной возрастной группы). С возрастом и коморбидным фоном не связаны ни усугубление клинических проявлений, ни возникновение полипрагмазии. Выявленная корреляционная зависимость между возрастом и не угрожающими жизни клиническими проявлениями реакций на лекарственные препараты свидетельствует об отсутствии достоверного влияния возраста на возможность возникновения анафилактического шока или ангионевротического отёка.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>drug intolerance</kwd><kwd>drug allergy</kwd><kwd>drug hypersensitivity</kwd><kwd>age</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>реакции на лекарственные препараты</kwd><kwd>лекарственная аллергия</kwd><kwd>лекарственная гиперчувствительность</kwd><kwd>возраст</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khaitov RM, Ilyina NI, editors. Allergology and immunology: national guidelines. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2012. 634 р. 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