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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский Аллергологический Журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1810-8830</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-682X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1427</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36691/RJA1427</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Analysis of the prevalence of food hypersensitivity and food anaphylaxis in the children’s population of Ekaterinburg</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анализ распространённости пищевой гиперчувствительности и пищевой анафилаксии в детской популяции г. Екатеринбурга</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0716-3529</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lepeshkova</surname><given-names>Tatiana S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лепешкова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>associate Professor Department of polyclinic Pediatrics and Pediatrics faculty of advanced training and retraining</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры поликлинической педиатрии и педиатрии факультета повышения квалификации и профессиональной переподготовки</p></bio><email>levlpa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Urals State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2021-05-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-06-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>46</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-03-13"><day>13</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-04-19"><day>19</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2023-07-06"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/1427">https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/1427</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND: </bold>In recent decades, the number of patients experiencing food allergies and food anaphylaxis has been increasing worldwide. However, at present, epidemiological data on this problem are unclear. Anaphylaxis is an acute, potentially life-threatening pathological reaction of systemic hypersensitivity with various clinical symptoms, which can be coded under different diagnoses and conditions. Its acute onset and transient nature make it difficult to obtain prospective data. Thus, it appears realistic to conduct retrospective studies using a questionnaire analysis to identify children who have undergone such reactions for further examination and observation.</p> <p><bold>AIM: </bold>This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of food hypersensitivity and food anaphylaxis in the pediatric population of Ekaterinburg.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS: </bold>A total of 5,000 parents with children aged 2–17 years were surveyed. The children attend preschool or school general educational institutions (children’s education institution (ChEI) of the city. ChEIs were randomized, and the parent survey was anonymous and voluntary. Respective parents were asked to complete the questionnaire, which asks them whether their children have skin lesions, wheezing, and clinical presentations of allergic rhinitis or food allergy. The developed questionnaire was based on the ISAC questionnaire translated into Russian. In the questionnaires, the parents gave only those symptoms that arose in children against the background of somatic health at normal body temperature.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS: </bold>A total of 2,400 questionnaires were analyzed: 1,196 questionnaires were filled by parents of boys (49.9%) and 1,204 questionnaires by parents of girls (50.1%) aged 2–17 years (average age 10.31 ± 0.30 years). Data collected from questionnaire revealed that skin rashes in 17% of the children were associated with products: most often, these were obligate allergens and histamine liberators. Additionally, 6.8% of the parents noted that persistent rhinitis in their children was associated with consumption of milk/fish/fruit/nuts. Symptoms of respiratory obstruction after eating fish/cow’s milk/nuts were described by parents of 2.7% of the children. Association of urticarial manifestations with food was noticed by parents of 194 (8.1%) children. Moreover, 0.96% of children experienced symptoms of anaphylaxis to food, 0.3% to cow’s milk, 0.12% to chicken eggs and fruit, and 0.08% to wheat, nuts, and fish.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSIONS: </bold>Epidemiological studies help understand the spread and nature of allergic diseases in a region. Moreover, identification of children who have had episodes of food-borne anaphylaxis helps prevent recurrent cases by conducting case follow-up of these patients.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ. </bold>В последние десятилетия во всём мире регистрируется увеличение числа больных, страдающих пищевой аллергией и пищевой анафилаксией. На сегодняшний день нет точных эпидемиологических данных по пищевой анафилаксии. Анафилаксия ― это острая потенциально жизнеугрожающая патологическая реакция системной гиперчувствительности с различными клиническими симптомами, которая может быть зашифрована под разными диагнозами и состояниями. Её острое начало и преходящий характер затрудняют получение проспективных данных. Реальным представляется проведение ретроспективных исследований с помощью анкетного анализа для выявления детей, перенёсших подобные реакции, с целью их дальнейшего обследования и наблюдения.</p> <p><bold>ЦЕЛЬ</bold> ― изучить распространённость пищевой гиперчувствительности и пищевой анафилаксии в детской популяции г. Екатеринбурга.</p> <p><bold>МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ. </bold>Проведено анкетирование 5000 родителей, имеющих детей в возрасте от 2 до 17 лет, которые посещают детские дошкольные или школьные общеобразовательные учреждения (ДОУ) города. ДОУ выбирали случайным образом. Анкетирование родителей было анонимным и добровольным. Родителям предлагали ответить на вопросы анкеты, связанные с наличием признаков поражения кожи, симптомов бронхообструкции, рецидивирующего ринита или пищевой аллергии у их детей. За основу разработанной анкеты был взят переведённый на русский язык опросник ISAAC (1999). В анкетах родители указывали только те симптомы, которые возникали у детей на фоне соматического здоровья при нормальной температуре тела.</p> <p><bold>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ.</bold> Всего было проанализировано 2400 анкет: 1196 анкет родителей мальчиков (49,9%) и 1204 анкет родителей девочек (50,1%) в возрасте от 2 до 17 лет (средний возраст 10,31±0,30 года). По анкетным данным, высыпания на коже у 17% детей имели связь с продуктами: наиболее часто это были облигатные аллергены и гистаминолибераторы. Связь персистирующего ринита с употреблением молока / рыбы / фруктов / орехов отметили у своих детей 6,8% родителей. Симптомы затруднения дыхания после употребления рыбы / коровьего молока / орехов описали родители 2,7% детей. Связь уртикарных проявлений с продуктами питания описана в ответах 194 (8,1%) родителей. По анкетным данным, симптомы анафилаксии на продукты питания в анамнезе установлены у 0,96% детей. В изучаемой когорте было выявлено, что в 0,3% случаев анафилактические реакции происходили на коровье молоко, в 0,12% ― на куриное яйцо и фрукты, в 0,08% ― на пшеницу, орехи, рыбу.</p> <p><bold>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. </bold>Результаты эпидемиологических исследований помогают понять степень распространённости и характер аллергических заболеваний в регионе. Кроме того, выявление детей, перенёсших эпизоды пищевой анафилаксии, позволяет осуществлять динамическое наблюдение и своевременное лечение, профилактируя, таким образом, повторные эпизоды пищевой анафилаксии у означенной категории пациентов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>food anaphylaxis</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>epidemiology</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пищевая анафилаксия</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Johansson SG, Hourihane JO, Bousquet J, et al. A revised nomenclature for allergy. An EAACI position statement from the EAACI nomenclature task force. Allergy. 2001;56(9):813–824. doi: 10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.t01-1-00001.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johansson S.G., Hourihane J.O., Bousquet J., et al. A revised nomenclature for allergy. 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