Russian Journal of AllergyRussian Journal of AllergyРоссийский Аллергологический Журнал1810-88302686-682XPublishing House ABV Press1305510.36691/RJA13055Systematic reviewsСистематические обзорыReview ArticleFood allergy: Trends in the development of allergen-specific immunotherapy technologiesПищевая аллергия: тренды развития технологий аллергенспецифической иммунотерапииhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3495-08323201-5750KutasUlyana V.КутасУльяна Вениаминовна
Russian Federation
uliaka007@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0728-58251072-4300ProkopyevaValeria D.ПрокопьеваВалерия Дмитриевна
Russian Federation
valeriya.d.prokopyeva@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-79111488-8189FedotovaMarina M.ФедотоваМарина Михайловна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand Sci (Med.), Assistant Professor

канд. мед. наук, доцент

fedotova.letter@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7130-96095285-4593FedorovaOlga S.ФедороваОльга Сергеевна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

д-р мед. наук, профессор

fedorova.os@ssmu.ruSiberian State Medical UniversityСибирский государственный медицинский университет20092023181020232033213311806202331082023Copyright ©; 2023, Pharmarus Print MediaCopyright ©; 2023, Фармарус Принт Медиа2023Pharmarus Print MediaФармарус Принт Медиаhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/13055

BACKGROUND: Food allergy is an urgent problem for public health around the world. One of the most promising methods of food allergy treatment is allergen-specific immunotherapy.

AIM: to analyze the results of clinical studies on the effectiveness and safety of modern allergen-specific immunotherapy technologies in the treatment of food allergies published over the past three years.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A search and analysis of scientific publications was carried out using resources cataloging biomedical scientific literature: PubMed and eLibrary. The review includes original studies published between January 1, 2020 and December 31, 2022.

RESULTS: The review made it possible to systematize the data accumulated over the past three years, reflecting the main trends in allergen-specific immunotherapy of food allergy. The analysis of studies showed modern approaches to oral and epicutaneous immunotherapy and affected the efficacy and safety of these types of treatment. In food allergy cohorts, the allergen-specific immunotherapy approach of oral and epicutaneous allergen-specific immunotherapy has been shown to be highly effective in achieving tolerance and desensitization to the food trigger it was revealed that epicutaneous allergen-specific immunotherapy is characterized by a high level of adherence of patients to treatment.

CONCLUSION: It is necessary to continue conducting large-scale clinical studies on modern methods of allergen-specific immunotherapy in patients with food allergies to form standardized therapy protocols.

Обоснование. Пищевая аллергия остаётся актуальной проблемой современного мира, ухудшает качество жизни пациентов и членов семьи. Одним из наиболее перспективных методов терапии пищевой аллергии является аллергенспецифическая иммунотерапия.

Цель ― анализ результатов клинических исследований эффективности и безопасности современных технологий аллергенспецифической иммунотерапии в лечении пищевой аллергии, опубликованных за последние три года.

Материалы и методы. Проведён поиск и анализ научных публикаций с использованием ресурсов PubMed и eLibrary, каталогизирующих биомедицинскую научную литературу. В обзор включены оригинальные исследования, опубликованные за период с 1 января 2020 года по 31 декабря 2022 года.

Результаты. Обзор позволил систематизировать данные, накопленные за последние три года, отражающие основные тенденции в аллергенспецифической иммунотерапии пищевой аллергии. Анализ исследований продемонстрировал современные подходы к аллергенспецифической иммунотерапии в виде оральной и эпикутанной иммунотерапии и затронул аспекты эффективности и безопасности данных методов. В когортах пациентов с пищевой аллергией оральная и эпикутанная технологии показали высокую эффективность в достижении толерантности и десенсибилизации к пищевому триггеру. В ходе проведённого анализа выявлено, что эпикутанная иммунотерапия характеризуется высоким уровнем приверженности пациентов к лечению.

Заключение. Необходимы дальнейшие масштабные клинические исследования по изучению современных методик аллергенспецифической иммунотерапии у пациентов с пищевой аллергией для формирования стандартизированных протоколов терапии.

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