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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Allergy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский Аллергологический Журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1810-8830</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2686-682X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1212</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36691/RJA1212</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Tiotropium bromide: additional options for the treatment of bronchial asthma</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Тиотропия бромид: дополнительные возможности для лечения бронхиальной астмы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurbacheva</surname><given-names>O M</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курбачёва</surname><given-names>Оксана Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав. отделением бронхиальной астмы</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyneva</surname><given-names>M E</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дынева</surname><given-names>Мирамгуль Есенгельдыевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант 3-го года</p></bio><email>amanturliva.miramgul@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">NRC Institute ofImmunology FMBA of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «ГНЦ Институт иммунологии» ФМБА России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 16, NO3 (2019)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 16, №3 (2019)</issue-title><fpage>67</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-04-02"><day>02</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pharmarus Print Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фармарус Принт Медиа</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2021-06-15"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/1212">https://rusalljournal.ru/raj/article/view/1212</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Bronchial asthma (BA) is one of the most common chronic diseases, characterized by airway inflammation and bronchospasm. Symptoms of BA are wheezing, shortness of breath, a feeling of constriction in the chest and cough, the frequency and severity of which vary greatly over time. Today studies of BA phenotypes allow selecting treatment depending on the particular pathogenesis of each phenotype individually, thereby helping to achieve control, which is the main goal of BA therapy. However, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of airway innervation, since an increased parasympathetic tone is characteristics of all BA phenotypes and plays an important role in the development of bronchoconstriction and inflammation. Therefore, tiotropium bromide, which is a long-acting blocker of muscarinic cholinergic receptors, is one of the main bronchodilators in the treatment of BA. It blocks bronchoconstriction, hypersecretion and swelling of the mucous membrane of the airway, which in turn prevents the progression of inflammation, and the prolonged action of tiotropium bromide, which allows it to be used once a day helps to achieve control of asthma in addition to basic inhalation therapy - inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) long-acting P2-agonists (LABA). According to GINA (Global Initiative for Asthma), tiotropium bromide is recommended as an additional treatment, starting from step 4, and in accordance with the Russian Federal Clinical Guidelines for Bronchial Asthma - from step 3. Currently, according to clinical studies, much is known about the mechanisms of action and biological properties of tiotropium bromide, which made it possible to substantiate the needs for its administration to patients with BA regardless of its phenotype. This strategy will contribute to a more successful control of BA considering risk factors and comorbidity, thereby reducing needs of increasing ICS dose.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Бронхиальная астма (БА) - это одно из наиболее распространенных хронических заболеваний, характеризующееся воспалением дыхательных путей (ДП) и бронхоспазмом. Симптомами БА являются хрипы, одышка, ощущение сдавливания в грудной клетке и кашель, частота и степень тяжести которых сильно варьируют с течением времени. На сегодняшний день изучение фенотипов БА позволяет подбирать лечение в зависимости от особенностей патогенеза каждого фенотипа в отдельности, тем самым помогая достичь контроля, что является основной целью терапии БА. Однако необходимо учитывать особенности иннервации ДП, так как повышенный парасимпатический (холинергический) тонус характерен для всех фенотипов БА и играет важную роль в развитии бронхоконстрикции и воспаления. Поэтому тиотропия бромид, являющийся блокатором мускариновых холинорецепторов длительного действия, - один из основных бронхолитических препаратов в лечении БА. Он блокирует развитие бронхоконстрикции, гиперсекреции и отека слизистой оболочки ДП, что в свою очередь предотвращает прогрессирование воспаления, а продолжительное действие тиотропия бромида, позволяющее применять его один раз в сутки, помогает обеспечивать контроль БА на фоне базисной ингаляционной терапии - ингаляционные глюкокортикостероиды (ИГКС)/Р2-агонисты длительного действия (ДДБА). Согласно GINA (Global Initiative for Asthma - Глобальная стратегия лечения и профилактики бронхиальной астмы), тиотропия бромид рекомендован в качестве дополнительного лечения, начиная с 4-й ступени, а в соответствии с Федеральными клиническими рекомендациями по бронхиальной астме (2018) - с 3-й ступени. В настоящее время благодаря проведенным клиническим исследованиям многое известно о механизмах действия и биологических свойствах тиотропия бромида, что позволило обосновать необходимость его назначения пациентам с БА независимо от ее фенотипа. Эта стратегия будет способствовать более успешному контролю БА с учетом факторов риска и сопутствующей патологии, тем самым снижая необходимость в увеличении дозы ИГКС.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bronchial asthma</kwd><kwd>muscarinic receptor</kwd><kwd>anticholinergic agent</kwd><kwd>tiotropium bromide</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>мускариновые холинорецепторы</kwd><kwd>антихолинергические препараты</kwd><kwd>тиотропия бромид</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Boulet LP, Boulay МЕ. Asthma-related comorbidities. Expert Rev Respir Med. 2011;5:377-393. 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